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669公共基础知识的写作技巧
全文共 1687 字
+ 加入清单一、从写作内容角度上看。
公基作文一般是议论性质的文章,字数一般要求在800--1200字之间。公基作文要求结合材料进行写作,属于材料作文类,考生不能脱离材料自行写作。此外,考生在写作的时候一定注意不要跑题,不要脱离总论点。因为作文的阅卷是先定档后给分,这就要求我们一定不能跑题,而且虽然都是议论文但是不能跟高中初中作文那样随意抒发议论,要找到自己的角度,站在报考岗位的角度去思考问题,不能盲目抒情、大发特发议论,此乃作文大忌。
二、从文章标题角度来看。
标题即论点,刚才我们谈到作文阅卷先定档,因此,如果能标题就是论点的话能够大幅度减轻阅卷人的压力,使得自己更容易获得高分。对于标题给大家简单提醒一下,通常情况下标题不建议大家使用标点符号。
三、从文章结构上来看。
一定要保证文章结构的完整性,在阅卷规则当中,有重要一条就是逻辑完整,因此适当运用逻辑结构词就显得特别重要。这里提示广大考生,我们的逻辑词经历过四个阶段,第一个阶段是第一、第二、第三、第N个,这种结构因为第多少个没有上限,因此不建议采用,第二个阶段是首先、其次、再次、最后,第三个阶段是一方面、另一方面、与此同时、此外、加之等。这里推荐大家使用第二第三个阶段,逻辑结构比较完整,第四个阶段是运用过渡句过渡段,这种逻辑不推荐大家使用。
四、公基作文一定要写对策。
考查公基作文的目的就是考查考生进入单位之后分析与解决问题的能力,因此,考生必须在文章中必须有所体现。从文章写作对策段落来说,建议大家在对策段落里面运用“结论+原因+措施”的写作结构,这种结构简单理解就是是什么、为什么、怎么办逻辑,比如说某地的某个行业出现一定的发展问题,那么对于这个行业的发展政府起主要作用,那么我们应该先说政府大概应该如何去做,如政府应该多渠道扶持,此即结论,接下来就应该叙述政府为什么要去扶持,也即原因部分,最后要写明政府如何扶持也即具体措施,如运用宏观调控、减免税收、提供政策支持等。
五、从结尾段落来说,结尾要做到与首段呼应。
浑然一体的结尾与开头要相呼应,写出既呼应开头,又不简单重复的语句,这种结尾方式是各类文章极常见的收束方法。这种收束方法能唤起读者心理上的美感,产生一种首尾圆合,浑然一体的感觉。
第一:理解、分析、研究文体。事业单位写作其实就是议论文写作,因为只有议论文这种文种才能够承载对一个事物的确定观点和论述。所以对议论文来说,要把握一点,就是议论文是围绕一个观点进行展开,这对议论文来说是最重要的,也就是要有确实的观点,即总论点,目前来看事业单位考试的总论点一般都是已经确定的。
第二:确定了总论点之后,再去议论观点。例如:上海是个好地方,那么整个文章展开的核心就是证明观点,也就是为什么说上海是个好地方,再比如:要勤奋,整个文章展开的核心就是论述为什么要勤奋。
近几年来公职类考试的写作命题有了新的变化。首先,会有给定材料,材料围绕着一个主题展开,主题通常是社会问题或者施政要点。例如:要推进民生改革;要提高政府公信力;要推进服务型政府建设;要勇于探路等。其次,针对这样主题的变化,论述的方向也随之有所变化。例如:要提高政府公信力。基于这样的总论点,文章展开的逻辑就是为什么要提高公信力、如何提高政府公信力。再比如:要勇于探路,那么文章展开的逻辑就是为什么要勇于探路、如何探路。通过以上事例,小伙伴们能基本理清两个最重要的内容:议论文就是围绕一个确定的观点展开,整个文章的核心要求就是把观点论述清楚。解决了这两个问题后,接下来就是填充内容了,在此根据情况来说明。
第一:如果平时比较关注新闻、热点时事,自然有内容可写,而且能够做到内容充实、立意高远、理解透彻。如果是这样的情况,就摸索出适合自己表达的语言风格即可。
第二:如果是平时看书比较多,有自己对事物的思考。这样的基础能让写作体现出比较好的人文素养和知识储备,如果是这样的情况,就把看书多的优点发挥出即可。
第三:如果是既不看新闻、也不看书、学习马马虎虎或者工作后没有时间复习,这样的情况比较普遍,如果是这样的情况,就需要找一些捷径了,比如选择培训班等等。
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篇1:2024关于英语应用文写作技巧
全文共 770 字
+ 加入清单应用文是人们日常生活中广泛使用的文体。它最突出的特点是它的实际应用性,应用文包括很广,如书信、通知、日记、海报、便条、启事、请柬、电报、合同等。应用文的语言应使用规范语言,重在实用,力求朴实、准确、简洁。
一、书信
书信我们分为两部分:信封和内容。
1、信封的写法。
英语信封正面的左上角,写发信人的姓名和地址。在信封的正面中央偏左一点,写收信人的地址和姓名。
英语信封上的地点名称由小到大,视其长短可占二至五行不等。
寄信人只写姓名,不写头衔。但是,收信人一般都在名字前加上头衔,以示礼貌和尊敬。对于没有官衔和学衔的人士,通常在姓名前写上Mr., Mrs.,或Ms.。
信封的写法,一般来说,很少出现在中考英语的作文中。
2、内容。
英文信一般可以分为下列几个部分。
1)信端(Heading)即写信人的地址和发信日期。
2)收信人姓名地址
3)称呼
4)信的正文
5)结束语
6)签名
有的时候,出题者会让考生写e-mail。e-mail的写法和书信的写法基本一致。只不过少了书信在信封上的繁琐。
二、发言稿
发言稿要注意以下三点:
1、发言的地点
2、发言的对象
3、发言的内容。
三、通知
通知的正文一般都是写在"Notice"以词之下,一般来说不必写称呼语和结束语。出同时的单位名称可以写在notice之上,也可以写在正文的右下角。
正文一般采用文章式,有时为了醒目,也可采用广告式。广告式要力求简明扼要,一个句子可分几行。每行第一个字母一般要大写。
四、启事
启事是一种公告式的应用文。团体或个人如有什么事情要向大家公开说明或对公众有什么要求,可将要说的话写成启事,张贴在布告栏上或登在报刊上。启事一般无固定格式,要求简明扼要即可。
五、海报
海报是一种带有装饰性的宣传广告。有时配以绘画图案。内容以影讯、展览、演出信息、友谊赛等为主。为了尽可能使更多的人知道,海报往往贴在醒目之处。
篇2:小升初英语写作注意事项:写作须重技巧
全文共 729 字
+ 加入清单原句:While they were playing tennis, she started an argument that lasted all morning.
修改后:During tennis she started an argument that lasted all morning. 原句:When you come to the second traffic light, turn right. 修改后:At the second traffic light turn left.
小升初英语写作技巧之二:删除诸如"who is"或"that is"之类的关系代词,变从句为短语,例:
句:The novel, which is written in three parts, told a story that took place in the Middle Ages.
修改后:The three-part novel told a story set in the Middle Ages.
注:把句中的"three parts"改用形容词来表达,节省了四个不必要的单词"which is written in"。我们经常可以将关系代词如"that"去掉,这只会引起最少的变动。
小升初英语写作技巧之三:剔除你不需要的单词,例:
Two joint partners will present their views over a long-distance telephone call. 写完这样的句子后,你自己再读一遍,挑出单词"joint"和"telephone",注意删去不必要的词。
篇3:2024年高考英语写作积累:高级短语
全文共 1974 字
+ 加入清单英语写作过程中我们经常会用到一些短语,下面请看语文迷整理的高级英语短语,希望对你有帮助。
1. feel frustrated (挫折的)/ discouraged
2. a precious (宝贵的) experience
3. raise / arouse the awareness of …
4. acquire knowledge and skills学习知识和技能
5. a growing /increasing tendency
6. have a desire for sth / to do sth
7. put sth into practice
8. be closely related to…与…息息相关
9. be essential to sb 对某人来说必不可少
10. in a society with more competitions and challenges / in a competitive society
11. be keen on… 热衷于…
12. broaden one’s horizons开阔眼界
13. a large variety of / a wide range of …
14. make one’s dream come true
15. lay a solid/firm/stable foundation for/in…为…/在…方面打下坚实的基础
16. listen to teachers attentively
17. make a practical plan
18. motivate sb to do sth
19. bury oneself into study埋头学习
20. our determination and efforts
21. express my gratitude to her sincerely
22. be strict with sb in sth
23. achieve the final victory
24. encounter/face some difficulties
25. neglect the disadvantages
26. With the great efforts we’ve made, …
27. enhance/improve his ability of singing
28. be optimistic about
29. hold the strong belief that…
30. I’m confident / I’m convinced that…
31. with iron will and perseverance
32. pursue one’s dream 追逐梦想
33. arouse one’s passion for…唤起对…的热情
34. resist the temptation of good food
35. change one’s original mind
36. spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力做…
37. redouble one’s effort 加倍努力
38. leave a deep impression on sb
39. turn to sb for help / advice
40. relieve/lessen/reduce/ease one’s burden
41. with time going by=as time goes by
42. cherish/treasure/value our lives
43. vary from person to person
44. a boarding school 寄宿制学校
45. What surprised me most was that…
46. cause severe consequences(后果)
47. pay their tuition/school fees/schooling
48. physically and mentally
49. Some in favor of it think that…., while others are against it, holding the opinion that…
50. Success stems from hard work as it can help us accomplish the goal we’re striving for.
51. establish a special fund to help the poor
52. its negative aspect/impact is also obvious.
篇4:写作基础:写人记事
全文共 3396 字
+ 加入清单写人,这个词的含义比较宽泛,望文生义,指的就是对人物进行描写。在文学创作中,它与“叙事”、“抒情”鼎足而三,又常常难解难分。小编收集了写人记事的写作基础,欢迎阅读。
知识要点:
1、写记叙文,会具体地写人记事,有较明确的中心思想。
2、会恰当地选择材料和组织材料。
3、能写清楚事情的起因、经过和结果。
4、能运用具体的事例写出人物的某些特点。
考试说明:
1、记叙文构思六“一”诀
(1)一槌定音的开头
即开篇二三句或点出记叙重点,埋下行文线索,或明确主题思想、奠定感情基调。这样的开头,简洁洗练,直截了当。《回忆我的母亲》一文的开头,堪称一槌定音的典范。首句“得到母亲去世的消息,我很悲痛”交代写作缘由,次句先以“我爱我母亲”定下感情基调,再用“特别是她勤劳一生”点明主旨。短短两句,即成为全篇回忆母亲优秀事迹的十分清晰的总枢纽。
(2)一线穿珠的结构
即全文没有贯穿到底的中心事件,而是以主要人物的活动或品质为主线,组织典型而各有侧重的情节,统一服务于中心。这种结构避免了行文的旁逸斜出,使文章重点突出。魏巍《我的老师》分写七件小事:假发怒、教跳舞、观蜜蜂、教读诗、依恋师、化纠纷、梦寻师,皆由热爱、感激、思念老师这条感情线索贯穿起来,从而使文章具有较强的感染力。
(3)一波三折的情节
“文似看山不喜平”。只有一个中心事件的文章,若能在故事情节的发展上做到张驰结合,起伏变化,则可扣人心弦。《鲁提辖拳打镇关西》中,当鲁达听到金氏父女的哭诉后,怒火中烧,要“打死了那厮再来”时,情节陡起,似乎高潮即将到来,但作者却巧妙地让史进、李忠两个“三次五回劝的他住”。这样有急有缓,掀起波澜;当鲁达送走金氏父女,“径到状员桥来”,惩强除恶的好戏似乎就要上演时,作者却笔锋一转,写鲁达在郑屠肉铺前坐了下来,三戏郑屠。这样一放一收,又掀起波澜。简单的一个鲁提辖拳打镇关西的故事,写得如此精彩,情节的一波三折功不可没。
(4)一字传神的细节
人物性格的塑造、作者感情的抒发,都离不开一字传神或一针见血的细节。鲁迅《社戏》写孩子们归航途中偷豆,阿发“于是往来的摸了一回,直起身来说道:‘偷我们的罢,我们的大得多呢。’”阿发“往来的摸”,有比较鉴别之意,显现出他聪明而无私的童贞,传达出作者对他的敬佩喜悦;鲁迅《孔乙己》写孔乙己“从破衣袋里摸出四文大钱,放在我手里,见他满手是泥,原来他便用这手走来的”。这里的“摸”,表钱数不多之意。特定的动作正是孔乙己生活窘迫、穷困潦倒、遭遇悲惨的写照,传达出作者对他的哀伤同情。同为“摸”字,作者却在不同的地方赋予各异的含义,且凝练传神,可见匠心。
(5)一语反复的扣题
文章以关键语句反复扣题,显得内容紧凑、中心突出。《谁是最可爱的人》由这样三个板块扣题:一是开头,在书写自己在朝鲜的感觉后,以“我们的战士,我感到他们是最可爱的人”扣题;二是主体,在展示了三个典型事例后,分别以“你不觉得我们的战士是最可爱的吗?”“你不觉得我们的战士是最可爱的人吗?”“你们已经可以了解我们的战士是怎样一种人”扣题;三是结尾,在号召人们热爱战士后,以“他们确实是我们最可爱的人”扣题。以上扣题句将“战士”与“谁是最可爱的人”联系起来,反复出现,强化了人们的认识。
(6)一箭双雕的收尾
就是说文章的结尾既自然结束全文,又巧妙引发思考。《驿路梨花》结尾写道:“我望着这群充满朝气的哈尼小姑娘和那洁白的梨花,不由得想起了一句诗:‘驿路梨花处处开’。”这个结尾既实写自然梨花,又虚写雷锋精神,结构上照应题目,内容上深化主题,意蕴丰富。
2、如何使记叙文生动感人
(1)积累动情点
所谓动情点,就是事件中能触动人们思想感情的关键内容。要写出动人的文章,首先要有能打动人们思想感情的材料。材料动人,文章才有可能动人。如果题材寡情,连作者都感动不了,又怎能打动读者的心呢?那么,学生生活中有没有生动感人的素材呢?回答是肯定的。同学们虽然没有“战火分飞”的经历,也少“痛失亲人”的感受,但是像《散步》《这不是一颗流星》中所反映的那样的生活体验,同学们的生活中则是俯拾即是取之不尽的。
积累动情点,就要留意我们身边发生的感人的故事。要留住情感的火花,就应该准备一个记录本,随时摄录一些感情的神貌,主要是描述细微的感受和动情的氛围。如果能随手记录,不断积累,并经常翻阅,那么这些记录便是作文的源头活水,可令文思喷涌永不枯竭。
(2)渲染动情点
人的七情六欲是相通的,能令你动情的内容,往往也能使别人动情。然而令人动情的,不一定是事物或物件的整体或整个过程,往往是事物的某个部位或事件的某一细节。因此作文不能只写事物的轮廓,而应抓住最让人动情的内容渲染之凸现之。
一般来说,在写人的文章中,人物的精神品质、性格特点可以看作动情点。譬如《小橘灯》中小姑娘的镇定、勇敢、乐观的精神便是最能给“我”以鼓舞的动情点。因此,作者对小姑娘打电话的动人事例做了具体描述,来渲染她的“镇定”;对困苦的家庭环境做了具体的描绘,来渲染穷人孩子早当家的“勇敢”;对做灯送客人以及安慰客人等情节做了细致的描写,来表现小姑娘坚信未来的“乐观”。在叙事的文章中,能够展现整个事件的内涵之处便是动情点。如《走一步再走一步》,作者铺陈了“我”冒险攀登悬崖从而陷入困境,并在父亲指点下爬下悬崖摆脱困境的过程。尤其是先细腻地刻画了全身颤抖冷汗直冒地向上爬、心惊肉跳地蹲、头晕目眩地向下望、全身麻木地伏等,而后又细致地描写了因毫无信心而啼哭及信心萌发探踩岩石,最后爬下悬崖的过程。文章卒章显志,自然地归结出:化解困难,从而克服困难。
在写景的文章中,景物的特点往往也是动情点。比如刘鹗的《大明湖》。济南城的特色,历下亭的古老,古水仙祠的荒凉,都是令人动情的。然而最让人动情的则是铁公祠前优美的湖光山色。作者渲染了千佛山的色彩艳丽,大明湖的澄清明净,芦苇花的景象奇绝,用清丽的文字描绘了优美的意境。
(3)交代动情原因
要使文章动人,还得交代令人动情的特殊原因。为什么同样的事情,别人没动情你会动情?又为什么相似的事情,昨天没动情而今天会动情?交代了动情的原因,也等于营造了动情的氛围。例如《蛛网》:清晨,薄暮的晨雾像一层轻纱裹着树林,新鲜的空气中夹杂着树脂的清香,叫人感到清新、愉快。这个特殊环境,既是蛛网成为精美绝伦的头巾的客观条件,又是激起“我”美好想象的外在因素。同样的道理,越是战火纷飞,越能体现白求恩的精神品质;对儿子越爱,越能表现[***被屏蔽词语]的无产阶级革命家的宽阔胸怀和崇高的国际主义精神。可见,看似与中心无关的内容,其实恰恰是营造情感氛围所必须的。
总之,积累动情的素材,渲染动情的内容,交代动情的原因,让感情充满作文的全过程,是情感贯穿文章的始终,这是使记叙文动人的有效方法。让我们从范文的研读中获得借鉴,从作文的实践中得到验证吧。
[11—1]我的启蒙老师
导思:这是一篇命题作文。
1、从题目来看,显然是一篇写人的记叙文。“老师”前面有两个定语:“我的”、“启蒙”,不要随意掉了一个定语。
2、可写文化课的老师,也可写科技小制作的启蒙老师,唱歌跳舞的启蒙老师,体育运动的启蒙老师……凡是初学某一门知识,使你得到基本的入门知识的人,就是启蒙老师。
3、通过语言、动作、肖像描写刻画启蒙老师,把记忆中启蒙老师那些最使你感动的事写出来,以说明是启蒙老师的循循善诱、诲人不倦,才将你领进门的。
[11—2]真没想到……
要求:(1)或选一事,或选一物、或选一景,写一篇600字左右的记叙文。(2)要有适当的抒情和议论。(3)如写到学校、教师、同学,一律用假名代替;否则扣分。
导思:我们日常生活中,常常在不经意间被某件小事打动,从中受到启发和教育,从中悟出了某种道理。《真没想到……》这一命题就是针对这一现象设计的。命题要求以此为题目写一篇记叙文。一般来说,中学生写记叙文是比较拿手的。如何写好这篇文章呢?
1、要把好选材关,日常生活中耳闻目睹、亲身经历的事情很多,其中不可预见的突发事件也不乏其例,如何选择恰当的材料呢?一定要注意比较权衡,理出一些既新颖,蕴涵主题又很大的事情来写。
2、文章要尽可能以情动人,有叙有议,怎样能作到这一点呢?“言为心声”,凡是发自肺腑的声音,字里行间自然会真情流露,具体到表达技巧上,一定要会用词,注意词语的感情色彩,注意语言的具体生动,这样才能吸引读者,打动读者。
篇5:英语作文写作技巧与方法
全文共 2454 字
+ 加入清单一、明确作文要求,提高写作能力
一篇好的作文,要有一个主题思想,整篇作文应该是紧扣文章主题,遵循特定的文体格式,选用恰当的语言合理组织文章结构,内容统一、连贯,语法、拼写、标点 正确,用词恰当。很多同学在准备英语写作时找不到方向,一味的想在考研英语写作上面抓分,却又不知道怎么样提高。杨老师在此特别提醒考生首先要学会抓住考研英语写作要领,尤其注意文章逻辑关系在阅读中的运用。逻辑关系散布在文章的句子内部、句句之间、以及段落之间。最基本的逻辑关系有以下几种:
1、因果关系:as a result ,therefore,hence,consequently,because,for, due to, hence, consequently等等。
2、并列、递进关系:and, or, then,in addition,besides,in other words,moreover等等
3、转折关系:however,but, yet, in fact等等。
这些其实是已经很熟悉的逻辑提示词在文章中起的效果,并非仅仅是衔接文章的句子,从阅读的角度来看,其实同时在给我们某种提示,告诉我们哪些句子是有效信息,相对重要的信息,哪些信息是相对不重要的信息,因为我们在英语写作的时候,有一条清晰的思路,你不是为了完整翻译文章而进行阅读,而是为了获取主旨来写作。
二、摆脱无话可说 练习“三段式”思维
在英语作文写作时,无话可说的确让人比较头疼,无话可说是一个极端,有的考生题目看得懂,提纲也一目了然,就是不知道该说什么,在考场上头脑一片空白,想到的也只是空泛的东西,在考试过程当中,这会在很大程度上影响大家的做题效果和做题速度。杨老师表示,当头脑出现空白时,应该从具体的、细小的、琐碎的、微不足道的事物所引发的思考变成观点,再进行论述。例如,领导讲话总是第一部分、、第二部分、第三部分…这样条理比较清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗)
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗)
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗)
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推荐,原因:俗)
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)
8)most important of all, moreover, finally
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!
三、用词准确保证语言连贯
考研英语写作中,同样是一篇作文,在没有语法、词汇等基础性错误的前提下,一个考生的句式平平,而另外一个考生的句式灵活多变,非常漂亮,毫无疑问,后者肯定比前者的分数高。但写英语作文时最忌讳的是用一些模棱两可的词,表达不够准确,而且考试时要特别注意语法、词语、语气、标点符号等,避免单词拼写错误、语法错误,不要为了追求词语的华丽而堆积一些自己也没把握的单词,不要刻意追求长句而写一些自己不知对错的有多个从句组成的长句。建议考生考试时,最好选择自己最有把握的词汇、短语和句式。
很多考生习惯背诵模版,在写作文是喜欢套用背诵模版,但由于仓促,紧张等原因,很容易犯一些简单的错误,如语句不通。所以提醒考生选材时切忌胡子眉毛一把抓,词语堆积,不伦不类。前后及段落之间在逻辑关系上要紧密衔接,不能把没有任何逻辑关系的词放在一起,可以用恰当的关联词把思想连贯的表达出来。总之,无论想要套用那个模版,前提都要保证语言通顺,文章思想连贯。此外,要有自己的style,一来通过背诵或研究范文,把握考研英语作文的整体结构特点,以及写作格式,二来要在研究范文的基础上寻找自己的闪光点,比如闪光词汇。如果大家仔细研究真题,就会发现,几乎所有的高分作文都有一个共同点,那就是都具有几个闪光词汇,这个词汇可能并不是什么高级词汇,但是你能把它的延伸意,或者说你能把我它的一词多义,并且应用到你的文章中。
四、长短句巧搭配 精悍短语当亮点
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。此外短小精辟的句子,也可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although oneaction is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy theintellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.
杨老师强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。
篇6:英语写作经典英语句子集锦
全文共 3487 字
+ 加入清单下面是语文迷网为大家整理的一些英语写作常用的句子,希望对你有帮助。
1、Time flies.
时光易逝。
2、Time is money.
一寸光阴一寸金。
3、Time and tide wait for no man.
岁月无情;岁月易逝;岁月不待人。
4、Time tries all.
时间检验一切。
5、Time tries truth.
时间检验真理。
6、Time past cannot be called back again.
光阴一去不复返。
7、All time is no time when it is past.
光阴一去不复返。
8、No one can call back yesterday;Yesterday will not be called again.
昨日不复来。
9、Tomorrow comes never.
切莫依赖明天。
10、One today is worth two tomorrows.
一个今天胜似两个明天。
11、The morning sun never lasts a day.
好景不常;朝阳不能光照全日。
12、Christmas comes but once a year.
圣诞一年只一度。
13、Pleasant hours fly past.
快乐时光去如飞。
14、Happiness takes no account of time.
欢娱不惜时光逝。
15、Time tames the strongest grief.
时间能缓和极度的悲痛。
16、The day is short but the work is much.
工作多,光阴迫。
17、Never deter till tomorrow that which you can do today.
今日事须今日毕,切勿拖延到明天。
18、Have you somewhat to do tomorrow,do it today.
明天如有事,今天就去做。
19、To him that does everything in its proper time,one day is worth three.
事事及时做,一日胜三日。
20、To save time is to lengthen life.
节省时间就是延长生命。
21、Everything has its time and that time must be watched.
万物皆有时,时来不可失。
22、Take time when time cometh,lest time steal away.
时来必须要趁时,不然时去无声息。
23、When an opportunity is neglected,it never comes back to you.
机不可失,时不再来;机会一过,永不再来。
24、Make hay while the sun shines.
晒草要趁太阳好。
25、according to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.依照最近的一项调查,每年有4 000 000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。
26、although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.尽管这一观点被广泛接受,很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。
27、an increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。
28、in fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.事实上,我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。
28、in the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.在过去的几十年,先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活得时间更长成为可能。
30、in view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.考虑到问题的严重性,在事态进一步恶化之前,必须采取有效的措施。
31、it is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.无可争辩,现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。
32、many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person’s physical fitness.许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康
33、many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person’s physical fitness.许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。
34、no invention has received more praise and abuse than internet.没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评
35、no one can deny the fact that a person’s education is the most important aspect of his life.没有人能否认:教育是人生最重要的一方面。
36、people equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。
37、people seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。
38、proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful effects of international tourism.应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量,努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。
39、the latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感
40、the majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力,而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。
篇7:写作基础知识之基本句式
全文共 3115 字
+ 加入清单句子依据用途或语气可分为四大类即:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。
陈述句:说明一件事情,表示陈述语气的句子。
疑问句:提出一个问题,表示疑问语气的句子。
祈使句:要求或者希望中国人做什么或不做什么,表示祈使语气的句子。
感叹句:表示感叹语气的句子。
一、陈述句和反问句的互换:
陈述句指说明意见、叙述事实的句子。反问句是指用疑问句的形式表达确定的意思的句子。
把陈述句改成反问句有两种情况:
1 肯定语气改成反问句如:
天才来自勤奋。改为:难道天才不是来自勤奋吗?
2 否定语气改成反问句
小孩掉进河里,我们不能见死不救。
小孩掉进河里,我们能见死不救吗?
注意点:陈述句改成反问句,要把句中表示肯定的词改成表示否定的词,句末的句号改成问号,并加上“吗”、“呢”等句末的句号要改成问号。
反问句改成陈述句也有两种情况:
把反问句改成陈述句就要把“难道”和“不”等词删去,把句末的问号改成句号,并去掉“难道……吗”和“怎么……呢”语气助词。
练习 :
1、既须劳动,又长见识,这就是养花的乐趣。
2、不劳动,连棵花也养不活,这难道不是真理吗?
3、难道我们播下的种子不会在自己学生的身上开花结果吗?
4、老师对我的教导,难道我会忘记吗?
二、 肯定句和否定句的互换:
表达一个肯定的意思,也可以采用否定句式,例如,“人人都都遵守课堂纪律。”可以改写成“没有一个人不遵守课堂纪律。”改写后句子的肯定语气要比原来的句子更强。改写时要注意:双重否定是表示进一步的肯定,所以必须用上两个表示否定的词,也就是“否定+否定=肯定”。如果只用一个否定的词,句子意思就完全相反了
例:天下的人都知道秦国是从来不讲信用的。
天下的人没有一个不知道秦国是从来不讲信用的。
注意:
练习:
1)全班同学都参加了这次植树活动。
2)学好语文和输血,对青年人的成才才会起促进作用。
3)同学们都觉得书籍是我们的好老师。
4)记住“只拣儿童多处行”是会找到春天的。
5)上坡下的每一块地都被大水淹没了。
6)事情的来龙去脉得向你说清楚。
7)这里的情况你是清楚的。
三、直接引语与间接引语的改写:
我们在说话或写作中,有时需要直接引用别人的对话,有时需要转述。例如雨来摇摇头说:“我在屋子里什么也没有看见。”这是直接叙述的句子。如果要改成转述的句子,就可以改成“雨来摇摇头说,他在屋子里什么也没有看见。”
改写时应注意三点:一是改换人称,将对话中表示“谁”(如我、我们等)的人称代词改成“他”或“他们”。与引号前的人称一致起来。二是改变标点,将冒号改成逗号,双引号去掉。三是适当调整词语,需要时可作少量的文字改动,但不能改变句子的基本意思,使句子通顺。
例:贝多芬说:“我是来弹一首曲子给这位姑娘听的。
贝多芬说,它是来弹一首曲子给这位姑娘听的。
1)他轻轻地说:“我买不起,我的钱不够。”
2)蔺相如说:“秦王我都不怕,我会怕廉将军吗?
3)小华告诉我:“ 我的《儿童时代》先借给你看。”
4)妈妈对我说:“ 我今晚要加班,不回家吃饭了。”
5)小华对小丽说:“明天我们班要参加区文艺会演,我得早点到校排演。”
四、陈述句改成把字句和被字句
如:他碾死了小青虫。可改成
⒈“把”字句:他把小青虫碾死了。将陈述句改成把字句,就是将句中表示动作的对象移到表示动作的词前面,加上“把”即成把字句。在变换句式时必须保持原句的意思。
⒉“被”字句:小青虫被他碾死了。把陈述句改成被字句,就是将句中表示接受动作的词调到句首,换上“被”就成了被字句。
这两种句子的变换只要调换句中的某些词的位置就行了。
如上面句①中只需把“碾死了”和“小青虫”的位置调换一下,再在他的后面加个“把”字;句②则把“小青虫”与他“他”之间加个“被”字就行了。两个句子互相改换之后,它们原来的意思不能改变。
五、有些陈述句为了突出句中的某一部分,可交换下词语的位置。
如:“我去过北京。”与“北京,我去过。”前者突出“我去过”,后者突出了“北京”。改变说法,做到语言美。
在公共汽车上,看到一位老太太上车,一个小学生连忙让座,应怎么说呢?
应说:“老奶奶,请您坐这儿!”
注意点:如说“喂,老太婆,坐这儿来!”就很没有礼貌。我们在与人交往时,要学会使用“请”“打扰”“对不起”“谢谢”“没关系”,接电话时,要用“您好!请问……”等。
六、特殊句式的变换
1、词语位置的变换:如
常式句:亲人再见了!
变式句:再见了,亲人。把主谓语的位置进行互换
2、变换提示语的位置:如
(1)、我说:“爸爸,也许它不会死……” (提示语在前)
(2)、“爸爸!”,我说,“也许它不会死……”(提示语在中间)
(3)、“爸爸,也许它不会死……” 我说。 (提示语在句末)七、关联句
句子依据结构分类,可分为单句和复句。复句是能分成两个或两个以上相当于单句的分段的句子。复句内的各个单句形式,叫做分句。同一个复句里的分句,说是的是有关系的事,它们又是由关联词语连接起来的,因此也称作关联句。常见的关联句有七种类型,每类关联句有它们自己常用的关联词语。
1、因果关系:因为……所以 因此 既然……就
2、条件关系:只有……才 只要……就 无论……都 不管……总
3、假设关系:如果……就 要是……就 哪怕……也 即使……也4、递进关系:不但……而且 不光……还 不仅……还
5、并列关系 :既……又 一边……一边 一方面……一方面 一会儿……一会儿
6、转折关系:虽然……但是 尽管……还是
7 选择关系:是……不是 宁可……也不 不是……就是 与其……不如
运用关联词语要注意以下几点:
关联词语一般都成对出现,只有少数单独使用。(如“可是”、“而”、“因此”等)
关联词语大都有一定的搭配习惯,不能任意组合。
关联词语起连接作用,可以把两句话并为一句。
七、因果句式的改写:
因果句式,是按事物的原因和结果关系来写的。它有两种形式:一是先因后果,二是先果后因。因果句式中,原因可以是一个或几个,但结果只能是一个。改写时,可以用关联词,也可省支其中一个关联词,甚至不用。但原意一定要保持不变。
八、缩句和扩句
缩句的目的是为了更好地分析和理解句子。把句子中表示修饰或限制的词语去掉,保留原来句子的主干,缩成一个简单完整的句子。缩句不能增加和减少原句基本成分,不改变原句的意思。
缩句主要方法有以下几种:
1、分辨句式,提出问题。先看看这句话是写人还是写景物的,然后可以提出“谁是什么”、“谁干什么 ”或者“什么是什么”、“什么干什么”、“怎么样”来找出句子的主要部分。如:“这毛茸茸的在地上流动着的小绒球原来是刚孵出来的小鸡。”我们可提问:什么?--小绒球;是什么?---是小鸡。缩句后就是成 “小绒球是小鸡。”
2、进行词语比较,找出主要词语。有些句子很长,修饰的部分较多,我们就要在几个词语中选出主要的,才能正确地缩句。如“工人宿舍前的草地上开满了五颜六色的野花。”因为“野花”只能开在“草地上”。所以“草地上”是主要词,而“工人宿舍前”是修饰“草地”的。
3、如果是否定句缩句,就要把否定词一起写出来,否则就会改变句意。如“我不相信他那种骗人的鬼话。”应缩成“我不相信鬼话”,而不能缩成“我相信鬼话” 另外要提醒小朋友的是,缩句后,虽然句子十分简短,但它还是个完整的句子,所以句末必须加上原句上的标点符号。扩句恰好相反,是在句子的主干上增加一些恰当的修饰或限制性的词语,是句子的内容变得丰富、具体和生动。扩句的过程正好与缩句相反,即按一定要求给句子的主干添枝加叶,加上修饰成分,使它表达的意思更具体、形象、生动。
在具体扩句过程中,要注意以下几个方面:
1、所加的修饰词必须与主干搭配得当
2、扩句后句子的成分不变。
3、扩句后不能改变句子的结构。
篇8:一.中考英语写作十个黄金句型
全文共 2265 字
+ 加入清单1. 不用说……
It goes without saying that …
= (It is) needless to say (that) ….
= It is obvious that ….
例:It goes without saying that it pays off to keep early hours.
不用说早睡早起是值得的。
2. 在各种……之中,……
Among various kinds of …, … /= Of all the …, …
例︰Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.
在各种运动中我尤其喜欢慢跑。
3. 就我的看法……;我认为……
In my opinion, …
= To my mind, ….
= As far as I am concerned, …
= I am of the opinion that ….
例:In my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health.
在我看来,玩电脑游戏既花费时间也有害健康。
4. 随着人口的增加…… With the increase/growth of the population, …
随着科技的进步…… With the advance of science and technology, …
例:With the rapid development of Taiwan’s economy, a lot of social problems have come to pass.
随着台湾经济的快速发展许多社会问题产生了。
5. ……是必要的 It is necessary (for sb.) to do/that …
…… 是重要的 It is important/essential (for sb.) to do / that …
…… 是适当的 It is proper (for sb.) to do / that …
……是紧急的 It is urgent (for sb.) to do / that …
例:It is proper for us to keep the public places clean.
=It is proper that we (should) keep the public places clean.
我们应当保持公共场所清洁。
6. 花费 spend … on sth. / doing sth. …
例:We shouldn’t spend too much time on something we aren’t interested in.
我们不应该在我们不感兴趣的事情上花太多的时间。
7. how 引导的感叹句
例:At least it will prove how honest you are.
那至少可以证明你很诚实。
8. 状语从句
⑴ 如果你不…,你就会… If you don’t ..., you’ll ...
例︰If you don’t keep working hard, you’ll lose the chance.
如果你不坚持努力工作,你就会失去这次机会。
⑵ 如此 ……,以至于…… so … that …
例:At that moment, I was so upset that I wanted to give up.
当时,我非常伤心,最后都想放弃了。
⑶ 每当我听到……我就忍不住感到兴奋。Whenever I hear …, I cannot but feel excited.
每当我做……我就忍不住感到悲伤。 Whenever I do …, I cannot but feel sad.
每当我想到……我就忍不住感到紧张。Whenever I think of …, I cannot but feel nervous.
每当我遭遇……我就忍不住感到害怕。Whenever I meet with …, I cannot but feel frightened.
每当我看到……我就忍不住感到惊讶。Whenever I see …, I cannot but feel surprised.
例:Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot but feel sad.
= Every time I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot help feeling sad.
每当我想到我家附近那一.清澈的小溪我就忍不住感到悲伤。
9. 宾语从句
我认为,…… / 我认为……不...... I think / I don’t think that …
我想知道是否…… I wonder whether …
例:He doesn’t think I should stop him joining the club.
他认为我不应该阻止他参加这个俱乐部。
10. Since + S + 过去式, S + 现在完成式.
例:Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.
自从他上高中,他就一直很用功。
篇9:抢先看17年考研英语高分作文写作方法
全文共 994 字
+ 加入清单导语:很多同学谈英语作文而色变,大家似乎都特别怕写作。其实要把英语作文写成高分不外乎就是多背,多看,多练,多积累,多仿。趁着还有时间,建议考生要抓紧复习提升,下面是高分作文写作的方法,17年的考生认真看看。
一、了解意图,抓住精髓
近年来的大作文非常玄妙,值得细品。首先,很可能大作文正在经历由时事向哲理过渡的重大变革,这在2001年、2002年、2004年、2007年、2009和2010年真题上表现得最为明显。其次,出题人将尽量用图画来表达意图,而不借助或少借助图中或图旁的文字,这样意义表达的会更深刻,对考生的思考力和判断力的要求也就更高。第三,图画的含义深刻,可以接受的解释也较多,但要想取得高分,必须紧扣图画,把握住其中的精髓,最深刻地表达其核心的意义。
二、扣紧主题
写大作文时切记要扣紧主题,切不可离题太远,导致最后回不来或时间不够写不完。另外,各部分之间的比例应适当,第一段不要太长。与主题相关的关键词语一定要用对,否则会影响分数。
三、看清要求
有的同学一看到写“网络”,就立即联想到这方面最火爆的话题“网络成瘾”,将主题确定为此。有的同学干脆将之转变为自己看到过的文章——“网络的利与弊”。这些都是不正确的做法。写大作文时,首先要减少语言的错误,提高语言的准确性。语言错误有许多种,有的是小错误,甚至可以忽略不计,而有些是大错误,是让老师看到后不得不扣分的错误。另一方面就是增加闪光点,除了结构清晰外,闪光点主要指好的词、词组或句型,一是使用恰当,二是要有变换。上述这两点都不容易,而结合起来就更难了。如果文章分为三段,那么起始段、结尾段和中间段落的开始部分是非常关键的。对于背诵的好词、词组和句型,一定要和具体的行文联系起来,融入到文章中去,不仅要用对,还要用好,避免给人突兀的感觉。
四、避免投机取巧
近年来,有些考生有投机的心理,结果却很惨烈。有的考生准备了万能模板,直接往上套,这样的效果并不好。正如有的较为激进的阅卷老师所说,这些考生是想通过不诚实的手段得到不属于他的东西,这样的人应该得到惩罚。实际上这些考生中有的水平还不错,如果坚持依靠自己,咬紧牙关奋力拼搏的话,结果会是不错的。
综上所述,对于作文这一部分来说,大家应该首先了解不同文章的特点和规律,而后用心地学习范文并进行模仿,然后练习全文写作并请老师批改再细细揣摩。相信通过这样的过程,大家的写作一定会有长足的进步。
篇10:2024年中考英语看图作文写作要点
全文共 861 字
+ 加入清单看图作文是以图画或图表来提供目的、对象、时间、地点、内容等情景,要求作者借助图画,通过联想将一组画面的直观内容转换成传神达意的文字形式,用于反映图中所表现的思想内容。
从写作体裁上看,可说明介绍,可叙事记人、可写景状物,也可以发表议论。
1.仔细审题、弄清题目要求
看图作文主要考查考生的观察能力、分析能力、想象能力、创造能力和语言表达能力。
想写好看图作文,必须遵循以下步骤:
首先,必须通读试题中的每一个字,认真观察所给的每一幅图画,正确理解提示所提出的各种要求,从而明确作文的中心思想,判断文章的类型、特点,了解文章的重点内容,力求切中题意。
2.审好图,确定要素
认真观察图中的故事发生于何时?何地?图中的人物为何人?他们做了什么事情?结果如何?
3.考虑用恰当的词语、句型和时态
弄懂了图上的大意后,在内心构思一个基本的框架,考虑用什么样的句型、词语、时态来充分表达文章的内容,尽可能用你熟悉的词语或句型,力求语言准确、意思明了。
4.列出要点,组织语言
在认真审题、弄清题意的基础上,我们应逐个完整无误地把内容要点列出来,我们可以在每幅图画的旁边用简单的词语标出其所表达的要点,这样,既可以提醒自己不要漏写了要点,又能防止过分发挥。接着就可以将内容要点译成英文词语或句子,以便下一步组织语言,形成短文。要注意使用适当的连接词或过渡性语句,以使上下文更为连贯,过渡自然。
5.详细得当
对一些细节方面的内容,如果是文章必不可少的细节,在写作时不可将这些细节忽略;如果是可有可无的细节,则可视具体情况进行增删。因此,我们在审图时,一定要注意各图中的一些细节内容,看其是否影响文章的内容。
6.仔细检查、修改
文章写完后,应进行必要的检查、修改,力求全文内容表达准确、完整,并最大限度减少错误。
具体从如下做起:
(1)核对图中要点是否有遗漏;
(2)时态、语态是否正确;
(3)文章句、段、篇是否连贯;
(4)用词是否得当、词数是否符合要求;
(5)单词大小写、拼写、标点是否准确无误。
最后提醒大家:一篇好的作文不但要内容写得好,字迹也要美观、工整、漂亮。
篇11:小学英语写作技巧指导
全文共 1577 字
+ 加入清单写作教学对于帮助学生了解英语思维方式,形成用英语进行思维的习惯,提高学生综合运用语言知识的能力大有益处。下面是小编为你带来的小学英语写作技巧指导,欢迎阅读。
对于小学3年级的学生,在他们已经掌握好了如颜色(colour)、衣服(clothes)、数字(number)、星期(day of the week)、月份(month)、宠物(pet)、情感(feeling)、身体部位(body)、文具(school things)的基础上进行文章的填空,如果学生能够按照文章的要求写进相关的信息,那就已经很不错了。下面是一个自我介绍的简单例子:
Myself
Hello,my name is_____. I am_____years old.My favourite colour is_____,_____, and_____.My favourite pet is______,_____ and______. My favourite food is_____,______and______.My favourite day is______. My favourite school thing is______and______.My favourite number is and______.I am______today.
上面的这个例子,如果学生能够依次能吧自己的姓名、年龄、喜欢的颜色、喜欢的宠物、喜欢的食物、喜欢的日子、喜欢的文具、喜欢的数字和今天的心情准确无误地写出来,那么就已经能够完成了3年级阶段的作文要求。
对于4年级的学生,可以写一篇介绍自己课室或者自己卧室的文章。下面是一篇4年级学生的介绍课室范文。
My classroom
I am studying at Tongji primary school.I am in Class Two, Grade Four. (介绍自己所在的学校和所在的年级) There is a blackboard in front of the classroom. There are twenty-five desks in our classroom, they are brown. There are many books on the desk. There are fifty students, thirty boys and twenty girls. There is a picture on the wall. There are two fans on the wall. (用there+be句型把班里和摆设和班上的人数都表达出来了) It is tidy and clean.I like my classroom very much.(最后是作者的总结)
对于5年级的学生,作文的要求也提高了很多,很多学生在介绍别人或者是写自己喜欢的小动物的时候很容易忘了第三人称单数动词要加ses,如:He get up at 7 o’clock(get忘了加s),在用到现在进行的时候动词很容易忘了加ing(如I am play the piano,play就忘记了加ing),介词和介词短语也占了很重要的位置如介词in,on,at,of。介词短语如dream of(区分dream that)和be afraid of都是很重要的介词短语,很多学生忘记了介词后面要加动词。
对于6年级的学生,作文考查的是英语的综合应用能力,而且出的题目大部分都是看图作文,这就在一定程度上增加了写作的难度,它也是综合了3年级的分类词汇,4年级的句型,方位介词,5年级的重点介词短语和时态,不过我相信只要平时多点积累单词和句型、多点动笔、多注意语法上的问题、多看作文书,那么就能写出流畅、有深度的文章。
篇12:提高英语写作水平的方法
全文共 3163 字
+ 加入清单在外语四项技能中,写作对学生的要求是最高的,它要求学生具有以外语思维方式谴词造句,熟练掌握拼写、标点等写作的基本知识的能力。小编收集了提高英语写作水平的方法,欢迎阅读。
英语教学的目的在于发展学生的英语语言技能,培养学生良好的英语交际能力。《英语新课程标准》中语言技能包括听、说、读、写四项基本技能及这四种技能的综合运用能力,四者之间密切联系,相互渗透,互为基础。听、读是领会和理解别人表达的意思;说和写是用言语表达思想。写的能力要在听、说、读的基础上进行培养和提高,而写的训练又能进一步提高听、说、读的能力。
在外语四项技能中,写作对学生的要求是最高的,它要求学生具有以外语思维方式谴词造句,熟练掌握拼写、标点等写作的基本知识的能力。还需要学生有创造性、有合乎逻辑的表达思想的能力。目前的小学英语教学中,极其重视“听、说、读”的能力训练, “写”的教学基本一直停留在“抄写”阶段,没有开始真正意义上的写作教学。
一.写作准备阶段
(一)消除恐惧心理
自英语普及后,根据社会要求,杜绝“哑巴英语”,大多数的学校都从一年级就开设英语课程,到了四年级,学生的口头表达能力都很好,笔头方面就相对弱了。进行英语写作,他们就会觉得不自信,觉得自己水平达不到,能力也够不上。针对这点,就得需要教师在教学中,根据学生的实际能力安排教学。学生是教学的主体,要想教学有效果,就必须发挥学生的主动性。学生怕写作,一方面是觉得自己的所积累的词汇量和句子不够多,教师在教学中注重适量的拓展和培养积累单词,词组的好习惯,对句子进行举一反三的说。另一方面学生怕在写作中犯错,怕会因为一些小错误就受到老师的批评,就这方面,教师在指导时应多给予鼓励,只有让他们认识到了错误,改正了,才会减少错误,在鼓励中增强学生的自信心,从而消除他们对写作的恐惧感。
(二)创设写作环境
环境是非常重要的因素,人的成长需要好的环境,写作当然也要求有个好的环境。况且,写作是个复杂的思维过程,环境在此更显其重要性。在教学中,教师可以精心为学生创设一个积极、合作和富有鼓励性的环境,使他们乐于写作,充分发挥自己的思维能力。比如,在中年级的英语教学中可以安排学生对练习册上的短小语段摘抄下来,读读背背,培养语感;在高年级的英语教学中,可以安排写英语日记,一组的学生的共用一本日记本,每天由一位同学带回家写英语日记,内容及多少都不限制。老师每次都得对日记进行认真批改和给予鼓励性的评价。学生可以传阅,在其中他们能分享成功的喜悦,也扩大阅读量。
(三)传授基本知识
写作就像盖房子一样,有了材料,要把这材料以一定的形式堆放在一起才能形成房屋,这都需要老师的指导。英语写作技能的难度较大,学生也不能很快接受,提高英语写作质量也不容易,教师在进行英语写作教学时,要特别注意教学目标与学生特点,采用适当的教学方法,传授基本的写作知识。
1.科学指导学生对单词的识记,提高单词拼写的正确率,减少不必要的拼写错误。教师可以引导学生在阅读过程中和其他课内外学习中养成记单词的好习惯,同时也要鼓励学生注重词组及常用句型的积累,同时也要给与适合的场合让他们输出。
2.语法是英语学习中非常烦琐,枯燥的一项,小学生很难接受,但在教学中适当得进行句法结构操练还是必要的。让学生自然地接受语言结构,以便他们在写作时能正确地表情达意。
3.汉英表达存在着差异,如Ilikeit,too.中文的正确表达是:我也喜欢它。不会说成:我喜欢他,也。这就是中文和英文在词序上的不同,也是一种习惯表达的不同。没有特定的规律,这就需要学生多阅读,培养好的语感。
4.标点符号虽是小问题但不可忽视,教师应对此进行讲解,把两种语言中的标点符号的用法不同进行比较,阐明正确使用标点符号对正确表达思想十分重要。如,在表示一个人说话,汉语中用冒号和双引号,在英语中是没有冒号的,要表示一个人说话,得用逗号和双引号。
二.写作训练阶段
写作包括能用所学词汇、语法和句型造简单的句子、回答问题、改写课文、看图写话、依照学过的题材写小短文。这些需要循序渐进,要从最简单的语言和言语练习开始,从基本要求做起,由易到难,逐步提高要求,每一步都要有具体要求,切实可行。
(一)句的训练
词连成句,造句是英语写作教学的主要练习形式之一。可以先由教师提供词素,让学生学会连句,熟悉句子结构,为以后造句打下基础。教师也可以在教授一种句型结构时让学生改句子。而后,让学生自己造句,教师常常可以为学生造句提供一个结合实际生活的情景,这样可以避免注重语言形式,忽视内容,脱离一定的情景与主题。
句型转换也是训练形式之一,让学生在不改变语言意义的前提下进行句型转换练习,理解表达同一个意思可以采用不同的句型,这样可以避免写作时句型的单调与重复。
(二)段的训练
句连成段,可以进行看图写作,教师出示一幅图,让学生对其进行描述写成小段。看图写作有其长处,可以在写作过程中可以增加图片与英语思维、表达的直接联系、培养想象力、减少对中文的依赖。为了使学生更多地参与写作教学,激发他们对写作的兴趣,看图写作的图画老师可以让学生自己根据喜好,选择适合他们水平的图画或照片,带到课堂上使用。图画生动多样,大大激发了他们的写作兴趣,可以选一部分优秀的进行展示,评价,相互学习,这样能提高学生的整体水平。
(三)短文的训练
提供学生一些生活化的话题,选择的话题材料要接近学生的现实生活和学习。比如学生可以写自我介绍,写最喜欢的动物,学生会很活跃地思考,用最简单的句子表达他们的意思,表达他们的感情。
同时,也可以是对书本内容进行的扩充,如《牛津小学英语5B》,Unit4中出现了writeane-mail,在这里可以补充教授书信的格式,通过网络让学生学会用电子邮件发信,教师可以让学生结合自己的实际,与自己的朋友写e-mail,但要做到有信必回,这样才是有效的训练。如6B讲到seasons时可以给他们一个topic:Whichseasondoyoulikebest?Why?这样的话题是他们自己切身感受,学生们可以畅所欲言。
(四)阅读的训练
俗话说:读书破万卷,下笔如有神。阅读是写作的基础,大量的,广泛的阅读,能加强学生理解和吸收书面信息的能力,有助于巩固和扩大词汇量,增强语感丰富学生的语言知识。教师可以指导学生读一些相同水平的文章、故事,记忆背诵一些典型的范文也是可以的。让学生在大量的阅读中积累词汇、句子,形成良好的语感,为学生更好的写作打下坚实的基础。
三.如何评价写作内容
学生的作文要及时地批改,对学生在写作中出现的错误,可以用一些柔和的方式指出,并给予他们指导,告诉他们怎么错了,订正在边上(订正在原位会使他们忽略他们的错误),知道正确答案,再加以鼓励。这样,他们会慢慢积累知识。即使有学生的错误很多,也不要说“写得不行,不好”之类的话,打击他们的积极性,可以给予他们一些建议,给予他们多些指导这样会更好。
对于写的好的,可以当场给予表扬和鼓励,把好的文章读给大家听或者展贴出来,其余学生可以一起分享。俗话说“乐此不疲”,要学好一种东西,兴趣是至关重要的。它是获得知识进行创造性创作的一种自觉动机,是鼓舞和推动学生创作的内在动力,也是提高写作水平的重要途径。因此,在写作教学中要鼓励学生创作,培养他们创作的兴趣,好的作品可以将它们推荐到小学生学习报刊、杂志。这样,学生的积极性就调动了,他们也觉得有成就感,也更乐于写作了。
写作在英语教学中是不可忽略的一项,也是学生最难接受的。“宝剑锋从磨砺出,梅花香自苦寒来。”“滴水穿石非一日之功,冰冻三尺非一日之寒。”教师合理教学,学生长期持之以恒,做生活的有心人,做勤劳的小蜜蜂,多思考,多练笔,一定能对写作产生浓厚兴趣,提高英语写作能力。为今后的英语学习打下结实的基矗
篇13:最新高考英语写作必备句式
全文共 20174 字
+ 加入清单下面是语文迷小编整理提供的100个英语写作句式,欢迎大家阅读参考。
1. According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.
依照最近的一项调查,每年有4,000,000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。
2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.
最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。
3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.
没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。
4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.
人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。
5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.
越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。
6. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.
说到教育,大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。
7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a persons physical fitness.
许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。
8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful
effects of international tourism.
应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量,努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。
9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.
越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而,越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法,他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题,像犯罪和卖淫。
10. Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.
许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少,以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车,而车上可能已满载乘客。
11. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.
无可否认,空气污染是一个极其严重的问题:城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。
12. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.
一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。
13. A proper part-time job does not occupy students too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间,事实上,把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康,正如那句老话:只工作,不玩耍,聪明的孩子会变傻。
14. Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.
任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。
15.Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.
当前,一提到即将开始的学校生活,许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而,对多数年轻人来说,校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。
16. In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.
考虑到问题的严重性,在事态进一步恶化之前,必须采取有效的措施。
17. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.
大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力,而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。
18. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.
无可争辩,现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。
19. Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.
尽管这一观点被广泛接受,很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。
20. No one can deny the fact that a persons education is the most important aspect of his life.
没有人能否认:教育是人生最重要的一方面。
21. People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.
人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。
22. In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.
在过去的几十年,先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。
23. In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.
事实上,我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。
24. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.
我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。
25. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.
人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得更多工作或提升的机会。
26. The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.
从这几年我搜集的信息来看,这些知识并没有人们想象的那么有用。
27. Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.
现在,人们普遍认为没有一所大学能够在毕业时候教给学生所有的知识。
28. This is a matter of life and death--a matter no country can afford to ignore.
这是一个关系到生死的问题,任何国家都不能忽视。
29. For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons:
我同意后者,有如下理由:
30. Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.
在给出我的观点之前,我想看看双方的观点是重要的。
31. This view is now being questioned by more and more people.
这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。
32. Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information Ive collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.
尽管许多人认为随着经济的高速发展,用自行车的人数会减少,自行车可能会消亡, 然而,这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信自行车仍然会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要的作用。
33. Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.
环境学家指出:持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题,而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。
34. In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.
考虑到这些严重的状况,我们比以往任何时候更需要像自行车这样的环保型交通工具。
35. Using bicycle contributes greatly to peoples physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.
使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康,并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。
36. Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.
尽管自行车有许多明显的优点,但是它也存在它的问题。
37. Bicycle cant be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.
在速度和舒适度方面,自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。
38. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.
通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论:自行车的优点远大于缺点,并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。
39. There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.
当前在高校和研究机构对教育存在着大量争论,其中一个问题就是教育是否是个终身学习的过程。
40. This issue has caused wide public concern.
这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。
41. It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.
必须指出学习只能靠自己。
42. A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously, they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a persons education is a most important aspect of his life.
许多人存在这样的误解,认为离开学校就意味着结束了他们的教育。显然,他们忽视了教育是人生重要部分这一基本事实。
43. As for me, Im in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the following reasons:
就我而言,我同意教育不应该随着毕业而结束的观点,有以下原因:
44. It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.
人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时候教会他们的学生所有知识的。
45. Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.
即使最优秀的毕业生,要想成为一个博学的人也要不断地学习。
46. It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.
人们普遍认为我们的现代科技使我们的社会发生了巨大的变化,近几十年人类在科技方面取得了惊人的进步。
47. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.
现在越来越多的人开始相信学习新的技术和知识能直接帮助他们获得工作就会或提升的机会。
48. An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.
一项调查显示许多老人都有到大学继续学习的愿望。
49. For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.
对大多数人来讲,退休以后,阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源。
50. For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.
对于那些想过上健康而有意义的生活的人们来说,找时间学习一些新知识是很重要的,正如那句老话:活到老,学到老。
51. There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school students doing a part-time job.
对于大学或高中生打工这一现象,校园里进行着广泛的争论。
52. By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.
通过做一份和专业相关的工作,学生不仅能够提高他们的专业能力,而且能获得从课本上得不到的经验。
53. Although peoples lives have been dramatically changed over the last decades, it must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day
近几十年,尽管人们的生活有了惊人的改变,但必须承认,由于学费和书费日益飞涨,资金短缺仍然是学生们面临的最大问题之一。
54. Consequently, the extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.
因此,业余工作挣来的钱将强有力地支持学生们继续他们的求学生活。
55. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a far-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time job, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.
通过上面的讨论,我们不难得出结论:业余工作对学生们会产生深远的影响,我们应鼓励学生从事业余工作,这将有利于学生和他们的家庭,甚至整个社会。
56. These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in past. Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.
现在,越来越多的人们开始抱怨工作比以前更有压力。许多专家指出这是现代社会发展必然的结果,无法避免。
57. It is widely acknowledged that computer and other machines have become an indispensable part of our society, which make our life and work more comfortable and less laborious.
人们普遍认为计算机和其他机器已经成为我们社会必不可少的一部分。 它们使我们的生活更舒适,减少了大量劳动。
58. At the same time, along with the benefits of such machines, employees must study knowledge involved in such machines so that they are able to control them.
同时,随着这些机器带给我们的好处,员工们也必须要学习与之相关的知识以便使用它们。
59. No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.
没有人能否认这一基本事实:对于一般工人来讲,轻松掌握这些技术是不可能的。
60. In the second place, there seem to be too many people without job and not enough job position.
第二方面,失业的人似乎太多而又没有足够的工作岗位。
61. Millions of people have to spend more time and energy on studying new skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in job market.
成千上万的人们不得不花费更多的精力和时间学习新的技术和知识,使得他们在就业市场能保持优势。
62. According to a recent survey, a growing number of people express a strong desire to take another job or spend more time on their job in order to get more money to support their family.
根据最近的一项调查,越来越多的人表达了想从事另外的工作或加班以赚取更多的钱来补贴家用的强烈愿望。
63. From what has been discussed above, I am fully convinced that the leisure life-style is undergoing a decline with the progress of modern society, it is not necessary a bad thing.
通过以上讨论,我完全相信,随着现代社会的进步,幽闲的生活方式正在消失并不是件坏事。
64. The problem of international tourism has caused wide public concern over the recent years.
近些年,国际旅游的问题引起了广泛关注。
65. Many people believe that international tourism produce positive effects on economic growth and local government should be encouraged to promote international tourism.
许多人认为国际旅游对经济发展有积极作用,应鼓励地方政府发展国际旅游。
66. But what these people fail to see is that international tourism may bring about a disastrous impact on our environment and local history.
但是这些人忽视了国际旅游可能会给当地环境和历史造成的灾难性的影响。
67. As for me, Im firmly convinced that the number of foreign tourists should be limited, for the following reasons:
就我而言,我坚定地认为国外旅游者的数量应得到限制,理由如下:
68. In addition, in order to attract tourists, a lot of artificial facilities have been built, which have certain unfavorable effects on the environment.
另外,为了吸引旅游者,大量人工设施被修建,这对环境是不利的。
69. For lack of distinct culture, some places will not attract tourists any more. Consequently, the fast rise in number of foreign tourists may eventually lead to the decline of local tourism.
由于缺乏独特的文化,一些地方不再吸引旅游者。因此,国外旅游者数量的快速增加可能最终会导致当地旅游业的衰败。
70. There is a growing tendency for parents to ask their children to accept extra educational programs over the recent years.
近些年,父母要求他们的孩子接受额外的教育呈增长的势头。
71. This phenomenon has caused wide public concern in many places of world.
这一现象在全世界许多地方已引起了广泛关注。
72. Many parents believe that additional educational activities enjoy obvious advantage. By extra studies, they maintain, their children are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge, which will put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets when they grow up.
许多家长相信额外的教育活动有许多优点,通过学习,他们的孩子可以获得很多实践技能和有用的知识,当他们长大后,这些对他们就业是大有好处的。
73. In the first place, extra studies bring about unhealthy impacts on physical growth of children. Educational experts point out that, it is equally important to take some sport activities instead of extra studies when children have spent the whole day in a boring classroom.
首先,额外的学习对孩子们的身体发育是不利的。教育专家指出,孩子们在枯燥的教室里呆了一整天后,从事一些体育活动,而不是额外的学习,是非常重要的。
74. Children are undergoing fast physical development; lack of physical exercise may produce disastrous influence on their later life.
孩子们正处于身体快速发育时期,缺乏体育锻炼可能会对他们未来的生活造成严重的影响。
75. In the second place, from psychological aspect, the majority of children seem to tend to have an unfavorable attitude toward additional educational activities.
第二,从心理上讲,大部分孩子似乎对额外的学习没有什么好感。
76. It is hard to imagine a student focusing their energy on textbook while other children are playing.
当别的孩子在玩耍的时候,很难想象一个学生能集中精力在课本上。
77. Moreover, children will have less time to play and communicate with their peers due to extra studies, consequently, it is difficult to develop and cultivate their character and interpersonal skills. They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illness.
而且,由于要额外地学习,孩子们没有多少时间和同龄的孩子玩耍和交流,很难培养他们的个性和交际能力。他们可能变得孤僻甚至产生某些心理疾病。
78. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that, although extra studies indeed enjoy many obvious advantages, its disadvantages shouldnt be ignored and far outweigh its advantages. It is absurd to force children to take extra studies after school.
通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论:尽管额外学习的确有很多优点,但它的缺点不可忽视,且远大于它的优点。因此,放学后强迫孩子额外学习是不明智的。
79. Any parents should place considerable emphasis on their children to keep the balance between play and study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
任何家长都应非常重视保持孩子在学习与玩耍的平衡,正如那句老话:只工作,不玩耍,聪明的孩子会变傻。
80. There is a growing tendency for parent these days to stay at home to look after their children instead of returning to work earlier.
现在,父亲或母亲留在家里照顾他们的孩子而不愿过早返回工作岗位正成为增加的趋势。
81. Parents are firmly convinced that, to send their child to kindergartens or nursery schools will have an unfavorable influence on the growth of children.
父母们坚定地相信把孩子送到幼儿园对他们的成长不利。
82. However, this idea is now being questioned by more and more experts, who point out that it is unhealthy for children who always stay with their parents at home.
然而,这一想法正遭受越来越多的专家的质疑,他们指出,孩子总是呆在家里,和父母在一起,是不健康的。
83. Although parent would be able to devote much more time and energy to their children, it must be admitted that, parent has less experience and knowledge about how to educate and supervise children, when compared with professional teachers working in kindergartens or nursery schools.
尽管父母能在他们孩子身上投入更多时间和精力,但是必须承认,与工作在幼儿园的专职教师相比,他们在如何管理教育孩子方面缺乏知识和经验。
84. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that, although the parents desire to look after children by themselves is understandable, its disadvantages far outweigh the advantages.
通过以上讨论,我们可以得出如下结论:尽管家长想亲自照看孩子的愿望是可以理解的,但是这样做的缺点远大于优点。
85. Parents should be encouraged to send their children to nursery schools, which will bring about profound impacts on children and families, and even the society as a whole.
应该鼓励父母将他们的孩子送到幼儿园,这将对孩子,家庭,甚至整个社会产生深远的影响。
86. Many leaders of government always go into raptures at the mere mention of artistic and cultural projects. They are forever talking about the nice parks, the smart sculptures in central city and the art galleries with various valuable rarities. Nothing, they maintain, is more essential than such projects in the economic growth.
只要一提起艺术和文化项目,一些政府领导就会兴奋不已,他们滔滔不绝地说着美丽的公园,城市中心漂亮的雕塑,还有满是稀世珍宝的艺术展览馆。他们认为在经济发展中,没有什么比这些艺术项目更重要了。
87. But is it really the case? The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that artistic and cultural projects may be less useful than many governments think. In fact, basic infrastructure projects are playing extremely important role and should be given priority.
这是真的吗?这些年我收集的信息让我相信这些文化、艺术项目并没有许多政府想象的那么重要。事实上,基础设施建设非常重要,应该放在首位。
88. Those who are in favor of artistic and cultural projects advocate that cultural environment will attract more tourists, which will bring huge profits to local residents. Some people even equate the build of such projects with the improving of economic construction.
那些赞成建设文化艺术项目的人认为文化环境会吸引更多的游客,这将给当地居民带来巨大的利益。一些人甚至把建设文化艺术项目与发展经济建设等同起来。
89. Unfortunately, there is very few evidence that big companies are willing to invest a huge sums of money in a place without sufficient basic projects, such as supplies of electricity and water.
然而,很少有证据表明大公司愿意把巨额的资金投到一个连水电这些基础设施都不完善的地方去。
90. From what has been discussed above, it would be reasonable to believe that basic projects play far more important role than artistic and cultural projects in peoples life and economic growth.
通过以上讨论,我们有理由相信在人们的生活和经济发展方面,基础建设比艺术文化项目发挥更大的作用。
91. Those urban planners who are blind to this point will pay a heavy price, which they cannot afford it.
那些城市的规划者们如果忽视这一点,将会付出他们无法承受的代价。
92. There is a growing tendency these days for many people who live in rural areas to come into and work in city. This problem has caused wide public concern in most cities all over the world.
农民进城打工正成为增长的趋势,这一问题在世界上大部分城市已引起普遍关注。
93. An investigation shows that many emigrants think that working at city provide them with not only a higher salary but also the opportunity of learning new skills.
一项调查显示许多民工认为在城市打工不仅有较高的收入,而且能学到一些新技术。
94. It must be noted that improvement in agriculture seems to not be able to catch up with the increase in population of rural areas and there are millions of peasants who still live a miserable life and have to face the dangers of exposure and starvation.
必须指出,农业的发展似乎赶不上农村人口的增加,并且仍有成千上万的农民过着缺衣挨饿的贫寒生活。
95. Although rural emigrants contribute greatly to the economic growth of the cities, they may inevitably bring about many negative impacts.
尽管民工对城市的经济发展做出了巨大贡献,然而他们也不可避免的带来了一些负面影响。
96. Many sociologists point out that rural emigrants are putting pressure on population control and social order; that they are threatening to take already scarce city jobs; and that they have worsened traffic and public health problems.
许多社会学家指出民工正给人口控制和社会治安带来压力。他们正在威胁着本已萧条的工作市场,他们恶化了交通和公共卫生状况。
97. It is suggested that governments ought to make efforts to reduce the increasing gap between cities and countryside. They ought to set aside an appropriate fund for improvement of the standard of peasants lives. They ought to invite some experts in agriculture to share their experiences, information and knowledge with peasants, which will contribute directly to the economic growth of rural areas.
建议政府应该努力减少正在拉大的城乡差距。应该划拨适当的资金提高农民的生活水平;应该邀请农业专家向农民介绍他们的经验,知识和信息,这些将有助于发展农村经济。
98. In conclusion, we must take into account this problem rationally and place more emphases on peasants lives. Any government that is blind to this point will pay a heavy price.
总之,我们应理智考虑这一问题,重视农民的生活。任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。
99. Although many experts from universities and institutes consistently maintain that it is an inevitable part of an independent life, parents in growing numbers are starting to realize that people, including teachers and experts in education, should pay considerable attention to this problem.
尽管来自高校和研究院的许多专家坚持认为这是独立生活不可避免的一部分,然而越来越多的家长开始意识到包括教师和教育专家在内的人们应该认真对待这一问题。
100. As for me, it is essential to know, at first, what kind of problems young students possible would encounter on campus.
我认为,首先应看看学生们在校园可能遇到哪些问题。
篇14:写作基础:中学作文文体知识
全文共 609 字
+ 加入清单导语:中学生基本要掌握3种文体的写作能力,下面小编带来各个文体的写作口诀,希望对大家有所帮助,一起来看看吧!
一、记叙文知识点
时间地点和人物,主要人物中心定;(中心:中心思想)
起因经过和结果,记叙要素要分清;
记叙顺序有四种,顺插倒补看事情;(顺插倒补:顺叙、插叙、倒叙、补叙)
第一人称以我写,局外人写三人称;
表达方式有五种,叙议抒描和说明;(叙议抒描:记叙、议论、抒情、描写)
人物描写有四种,肖像动作和言心;(言心:语言描写和心理活动描写)
环境描写记分明,社会自然要分清;
记叙文体多线索,时空物人和感情;(时空物人:时间、空间、事物和人物)
抑扬对比和陪衬,象征手法加拟人。(抑扬:先抑后扬和先扬后抑;手法:写作手法)
二、说明文知识点
给人知识说明文,介绍事物阐事理;
基本要求抓特征,多用方法来表意;(特征:事物的特征;方法:说明方法)
图表数字和举例,诠释分类下定义;(画图表、列数字、举例子、作诠释、分类别)
还有比较和比方,阅读写作要注意;(作比较、打比方)
说明顺序只三种,时间空间和逻辑;
说明语言要准确,简洁平实求浅易;
总分并列和递进,说明结构细分析。(总分:包括总分关系、总分总关系和分总关系)
三、议论文知识点
表明观点和主张,以理服人议论文;
观点态度要鲜明,论据一定要充分;
例证引证和喻证,对比论证要分明;(四种论证方法)
提出问题是引证,分析问题即本论;
解决问题是结论,议论结构须分清;
议论语言要准确,更是要求严密性。
篇15:英语说明文写作要点
全文共 401 字
+ 加入清单说明文是阐述事物的特征、本质、性能、结构、用途或科学原理的一种文体。其说明的对象可以是具体的,如:自然环境,仪表设备等;也可以是抽象的,如概念定律等。
说明文的写作相对于论说文来说,有一定的套路可循,因此不是十分复杂。说明科技方面的内容常用定义法、比较对比法、分类法、因果法等;说明自然环境方面的内容常用时间次序法、分类法等。当然,随着对象的不同,具体应该采用的方法也会有所不同。
说明文的写作应该注意的事项有下面几点:
1.语言简明扼要,通俗易懂,避免夸张华丽的辞藻,要把真实的一面展现在读者面前。
2.说明时一定要把握一个中心主题。说明文中细枝末节较多,但不能喧宾夺主。
3.说明的次序非常重要。合理的次序会使文章条理清楚,脉络明晰。因此,练习时可以尝试不同的次序进行写作,找出最合理的一种。
4.由于说明文写实性较强,有时难免会让人感到没有生气。因此,可以适当使用一些比喻、拟人等修辞手段,来增加文章的色彩。
篇16:初中英语写作素材:秋天的唯美英文句子
全文共 1334 字
+ 加入清单春华秋实,颗粒满仓。下面语文迷收集了秋天的英文句子,欢迎阅读。
1. 我认为秋天是一年中最美的季节。
I think autumn is the most beautiful season in a year.
2. 秋天时叶子变黄。
The leaves turn yellow in autumn.
3. 在秋天的晚上,我感到一丝凉意。
I feel a little cool in the autumnal night.
4. 秋天里树木都是光秃秃的。
The trees were naked during autumn.
5. 今天的天气已露出了一丝秋天的气息。
There is a breath of autumn in the air today.
6. 九月的天气确实像秋天了。
The weather in September was positively autumnal.
7. 我喜欢收集秋天赤褐色的叶子。
I like to collect russet autumn leaves.
8. 我们欣赏着秋天里新英格兰树林的瑰丽色彩。
We are enjoying the resplendent colors of the New England woods in the autumn.
9.夜半酒醒人不觉,满池荷叶动秋风
Wake up to drink ,people feel the middle of the night, moving wind over a lotus leaf pond
10.生命如此简单,如秋,如落叶。
Life is so si-mp-le, such as the autumn, such as fallen leaves.
11.秋中,有些感情便如落叶般凋零了,有些影子却挥之不去,只在网络虚缈中才有熟悉的名字。凋零就凋零吧,倦缩也好,成灰亦好,管它感情如一树红叶般怎样盛开,怎样凋零。我站在川流不息的时间里,谈笑风生,任凭满天的叶子飞舞,最终覆盖苍凉的生命。
In autumn, some emotions, such as fallen leaves as they decline, some have lingering shadow, only in the virtual network is indistinct in the familiar names. It withered on the decline,ashes are also good, regardleof the feelings of like how the leaves like a tree in full bloom and how to decline. I was standing on the flow of time, laughing, even if the sky flying leaves, eventually covering the lives of desolation.
12.那是一幅描绘秋天景色的油画。
That is an oil painting of a landscape in spring.
篇17:2024高中议论文写作基础知识精华
全文共 3243 字
+ 加入清单一、忌套用材料,一味模仿
套用材料主要是指不少考生相信“万能开头”“万能结尾”之类的话或一味套用高考优秀作文里面的语段或论据,造成“你用我用他也用”的千文一面的状况。主要表现有三种:
(1)套用“开头”或“结尾”。有的语文教辅书上有所谓的“万能开头”“万能结尾”,不少学生如获至宝,作文时经常套用,如出现最多的开头是这样的排比句:“盈盈月光,我掬一杯最清的;落落余辉,我拥一缕最暖的;灼灼红叶,我拾一片最热的;萋萋芳草,我摘一束最灿的;漫漫人生,我要采撷其中最重的——毅力。(“毅力”可以换成其他词语)出现最多的结尾是:“蓝天若水,红叶如鱼,我听见金属的音响一声声穿越了山林。”
(2)套用高考优秀作文里面的语段或论据。近几年高考出现了一批借评价名人论述观点的个性化作文,如2002年山东一考生的满分作文《刺秦》,2003年北京一考生的满分作文《十个海子的复活》,2004年重庆考生的满分作文《菊花飘香的时节》和《独上高楼》,2005年河北考生的满分作文《菊花?泪水》,2005年四川考生的满分作文《在忘记与铭记的两岸》《永远的苏武》等,不少考生靠背过几篇类似的文章,写什么话题都引用名人事迹,尤其是李白、陶渊明、苏轼等文学家的事迹,出现了一大批让阅卷老师“头大”的作文。
(3)套用流行材料。生活中刚出现的东西固然算新,若大多数考生都用,就会失去新鲜感,考场议论文论据的使用忌讳“扎堆”。如近几年央视每年推出的感动中国人物颁奖词固然好,但人们太熟悉,已成为广大考生背诵的材料,有些考生写什么作文都用当年的感动中国人物颁奖词,颁奖词几乎成了“万能论据”。
有位作家曾说过,第一个把女人比喻成花的人是天才,第二个把女人比喻成花的人是庸才,的三个把女人比喻成花的人则是蠢才。刘墉在《创造与阐述》中说:“第一等人创造,第二等人阐述,第三等人模仿。”如果一味套用,不知创新,一味地“拿来主义”,只能让自己的思维僵化,如何写出有新意的文章?考生必须养成勤读书报的好习惯,勤于积累,不断充实自己的“素材库”,在作文时方能驾轻就熟,左右逢源,写出有新意的文章。
二、忌盲目抒情,感情虚假
话题作文主要考查学生语言表达能力、思想认识水平,有些考生写不出对话题所反映现象的深刻认识,便用抒情文段来凑字数。这种盲目抒情的文字大多来自时下流行的高考满分作文或某些报刊登载的所谓精彩文段中,如:没有蓝天的深邃,可以有白云的飘逸。没有大海的壮阔,可以有小溪的优雅。没有原野的芬芳,可以有小草的翠绿…… 它们与话题作文的议论毫无联系,考生只以为它有文采便拿来使用,却适得其反。
还有些考生平时没有丰厚的积累,缺少对话题的深刻理解,考试时临时拼凑一些句子,或赞美老师多么辛苦以博得阅卷教师的好感,或紧跟当前政治形势发一番假、大、空的议论,等等,不一而足。如2005年辽宁一考生的《今年花胜去年红》的第二段:
今年考生增至十六万之多,比去年同期增长几百个百分点,这意味着什么,预示着什么?意味着振兴东北需要我们的力量。这可喜可贺的数字正孕育着无限的生机,我们的辽宁又向前迈出了一步,依旧稳坐东北三省的龙头老大这把交椅。俗话说:“长江后浪推前浪,一代更比一代强。”80年代后的我们有信心超越前辈们,有能力完成各项被指派的任务,有决心为我省乃至我们的祖国写一页光辉的历史!
这一段文字看似扣题,实则望文生义,是典型的假、大、空文章,最后被判为四类卷,一点也不冤枉。
议论性散文不是抒情散文,抒情的文字尽量要少,决不能无病呻吟,故作深沉。也不能头脑简单,哗众取宠,感情虚假。
三、忌罗列事例,不会分析
罗列事例是指考生写作文时从时下流行的一些低浅俗滥的阅读文选中搬出一个个小故事,逐个背写在作文里,议论的语段过少甚至没有,只在结尾时用一两句话联系话题的情况。
议论性散文以议论为主,所写事例要概括而形象,并有到位的分析议论,这种以事例代替分析的现象,反映了部分考生认识水平不高,不会分析的现状。这类考生要学会辩证分析,多读一些规范的议论性文章,掌握一般的分析问题的方法。在列举事例之后,必须扣住话题进行分析,使文章始终围绕中心论证。文段扣题的方法主要有三种:首句扣题、议论描述性扣题、结句扣题。容易犯罗列事例毛病的考生,尤其要注意学会结句扣题,如2005年山东满分作文《尽显双赢智慧》中的一段:
这不禁让我想起了一位睿智的老果农。他数十年如一日的研究果树新品种,他终于研究成功了。令人不解的是,他却将自己的成果挨家挨户的送给自己的邻居。在他的引导下,全村的果园里种的都是他的优良品种。有人便好奇地问他,他回答说:“我是为了自己的果树,如果邻居用的仍然是旧品种,那我的果树也会被传播的花粉污染。”他的话让人恍然大悟,他的这种做法,既保全了自己的果树品质的纯洁,又使邻居获得新的品种,与他人共享进步,才能使自己更加完善。这难道不是一种双赢智慧吗?
在这一段的最后,考生对上面的事例进行了简洁的议论,并用一句“这难道不是一种双赢智慧吗”进行扣题;若没有最后几句议论的句子,就会犯罗列事例的毛病。
四、忌不明模式,随意为文
不明模式是指有的考生不熟悉议论性散文的结构模式,写出的作文或罗列材料,或衔接不好,或过于片面等。不少考生写议论性散文不列提纲,想到哪儿写哪儿,甚至于有的考生会犯把写好的一两段文字划掉重写的考场作文大忌,这都与考生不明作文模式有关。
议论性散文常见的结构模式有三种:并列式、引伸式、对照式。所谓并列式即作文主体部分各段之间是并列关系,如2005年高考四川满分作文《烟随风逝,名随史流》采用并列式结构;所谓引申式即作文的主体部分各段之间是递进关系,如2005年高考江苏省满分作文《没有了妖魔的取经之路》;所谓对照式即作文的主体部分段落之间是对比关系,如2004年高考山东省满分作文《相信自己,也要相信别人》。考生写议论性散文时要仔细审读话题,确立自己作文的结构模式,如用并列式结构的可用拟小标题式的写法,用引申式结构的要用好过渡句或过渡词语,用对照式的要正反两方面的事例与分析都有,也要注意过渡语句的使用等等。
五、忌“画龙无睛”,蜻蜓点水
“画龙无睛”是借用了成语画龙点睛,意思是指某些考生的议论性散文缺少或没有深入的议论,只在文章结尾部分如同“蜻蜓点水”般地点一下话题,让人读了以后很容易认为其和话题关联不大而判为离题或打擦边球。最典型的莫过于2003年高考江苏南京的考生费滢滢的作文《人情与节日》了。该生的父亲是一位文学评论家,该生在首届全球华人少年写作征文大赛时,以一篇《平台》打动所有的评委,最终从8万名选手中脱颖而出,荣获头奖,她的写作水平不谓不高,可她的这篇高考作文仅得了25分,尽管当时就有争议,但阅卷教师一致认为判分合理。阅卷老师认为,该文的失败在于审题不准,没有分析二者之间的关系。从阅卷老师的角度看,这篇作文的失败就在于其结尾部分议论不充分,和话题联系不密切,结果,画得很好的一条龙却没有眼睛,当然不能一飞冲天了。不少考生的议论性散文都存在类似毛病。
要想避免“画龙无睛”,考生应该做到,不管采用何种结构模式的议论性散文,其结尾部分(多为最后两段)都必须联系话题,扣住题目,深入议论,这种议论如同“颊上三毛”,能使文章增添更多的精彩,考生也就增加了得高分的机会。如2005年高考山东满分作文《别人的风景你的梦》的最后两段:
其实天堂和地狱相隔的并不遥远。不是为别人,而仅仅是为自己,此谓地狱;不仅仅为自己,更为别人,通过互助来共生双赢,此谓之天堂。走出小我,寻找到双赢,你也就从地狱走到了天堂。
记着,只有你装饰了别人的风景,别人才会装饰你的梦;你若想要别人来装饰你的梦,那么你要学会去装饰别人的风景。因为,这世界,本就是和谐的一体,双赢的存在。
第一段紧承上文地狱与天堂的事例进行议论,深化了主题;第二段回扣题目和话题,使文章的结构更加严谨。若第一段缺失的话,这篇作文的深度就会大打折扣,甚至不会进入一类卷,这表明了“画龙点睛”的重要性。
篇18:高中期末英语写作素材汇总
全文共 4522 字
+ 加入清单1.I hate hiking and Im not into classical music.
2.I surf the Internet all the time and I like playing computer games.
3.Rock music is OK, and so is skiing.
4.Chuck is a businessman who is always so busy that he has little time for his friends.
5.One day Chuck is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes.
6.He realizes that he hasn’t been a very good friend because he has always been thinking about himself.
7.Chuck learns that we need friends to share happiness and sorrow, and that it is important to have someone to care about.
8.When he makes friends with Wilson, he understand that friendship is about feelings and that we must give as much as we take.
9.The lesson we can learn from Chuck and all the others who have unusual friends is that friends are teachers.
10.I found the bathroom, but I didn’t find what I was looking for.
11.Don’t forget to buy me some ketchup on your way back.
12.There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English.
13.In total, for more than 375 million people English is their mother tongue.
14.In China students learn English at school as a foreign language, except for those in Hong Kong, where many people speak English as a first or a second language.
15.In only fifty years, English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world.
16.With so many people communicating in English every day ,it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.
17.For a long time the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed.
18.In the same way Americans still use the expression “I guess “(meaning “I think”),just as the British did 300 years ago.
19.At the same time, British English and American English started borrowing words from other languages ,ending up with different words.
20.Except for these differences in spelling, written English is more or less the same in both British and American English.
21.However,most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.
22.Many people travel because they want to see other countries and visit places that are famous, interesting or beautiful.
23.Many of today’s travelers are looking for an unusual experience and adventure travel is becoming more and more popular.
24.Instead of spending your vacation on a bus, in a hotel or sitting on the beach, you may want to try hiking.
25.Hiking is fun and exciting, but you shouldn’t forget safety.
26.A raft is a small boat that you can use to paddle down rivers and streams.
27.If you want a normal rafting trip, choose a quiet stream or river that is wide and has few fallen trees or rocks.
28.The name “whitewater “comes from the fact that the water in these streams and rivers looks white when it moves quickly.
29.As with hiking ,you should always think about your safety and wear good clothes.
30.Jane and Betty are going on separate holidays in a few days’ time.
31.When are you off to Guangzhou?
32.My plane leaves at seven, so I think we’ll take a taxi.
33.See you when I get back.
34.The next moment the first wave swept her down, swallowing the garden.
35.Now ,the water, which was cold as ice and flowed faster than a river, was above her knees.
36.Jeff and Flora looked into each other’s face with a look of fright.
37.Flora,whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.
38.Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.
39.The garden that was once so beautiful was completely destroyed, swept away by the wild water.
40.I found some photos of interesting places which were not too far away from Chengdu.
41.He told me that I could go on a two-day trip to Leshan and Emei, which wasn’t too expensive.
42.First,we went to Leshan, where we climbed all the way up the mountain to see the Buddha.
43.Looking up at the large head and down at the large feet makes you feel so small.
44.Wei Bin took photos of us standing in front of the Buddha.
45.Steven Spielberg, whose mother was a music teacher, was born in 1946 in a small town in America.
46.In 1959 Spielberg won a prize for a film which he made when he was thirteen years old.
47.The reason why he could not go there was that his grades were too low.
48.Here he worked on a short film, which won him a job as the youngest film director in the world.
49.This was the moment when Spieberg’s career really took off.
50.It is about a big white shark that attacks swimmers who are spending their holidays in a small village by the sea.
篇19:2024年新闻稿写作基础知识
全文共 2830 字
+ 加入清单消息、通讯、新闻评论都是新闻文体。所谓新闻,就是对新近发生的事实的报道。
时代不同,新闻事业的性质不同,新闻的含义也就不同。后滕武男在《新闻纸研究》一文中认为,最早的新闻是政府的新闻。公元前一世纪,罗马统治者凯撒为了使公民知道和他们有关的官方规定,要求把政府的行为公布在罗马广场上的《每日公报》上。这个说法与我国的情况吻合。我国唐朝就用邸报向宫廷官员通报朝廷的行动。邸报是中国古代报纸的统称。目前大陆所能看到的最早的邸报,是尹钧公从北京图书馆找到的明代《急选报》,该报出版于公元1580年4月。人类最早的新闻是通报官方行动。16、17世纪西方,新闻主要指的是商业行为。
新闻事业的商业性质,决定了新闻行为以人们的接受心理为导向。当然新闻事业打从一开始,就是与政治联姻的,后来只不过披上了商业的面纱而已。事实上,从某个角度而言,在整个资本主义发展的过程中,商业行为本身就是一种政治行为。今天西方发达的资本主义国家鼓吹新闻自由,但当美国新闻记者经过千辛万苦的调查,独家报导了美国侵越期间在一小岛上进行惨绝人寰屠杀的轰动的新闻之后,马上就在政府的干预下被老板吵了鱿鱼。这至少说明,他们的“新闻自由”决不是没有前提的。
无产阶级则公开宣称报纸、电台是他们的“喉舌”。
我们现在的新闻事业虽然也在逐步走向市场,但其性质同资本主义国家新闻的性质是有根本区别的。陆定一同志在《我们对于新闻学的基本的观点》中说:“新闻的定义就是新近发生的事实的报道。”这一定义跳出了一切时代与阶级的局限,高度准确的概括了新闻最本质的特征。
一、新闻的特点
新闻最本质的特点是事实性、真实性和时效性。
1.事实性
新闻是以社会生活中发生的客观事实为报道对象。离开了事实,新闻就不复存在。即使是新闻评论,它也是来源于新闻事实和对新闻事实的评论。
2.真实性
真实是新闻的生命。因为,追本溯源,新闻的产生,是发布新闻的主体把正在发生和将要发生的事情告诉受众,希望受众于以配合,以使主体的意图充分实现。不真实的新闻会使结果相反,此其一。第二,新闻作为一种事业能够存在和发展,正是由于他的真实使其具有正确认识外部世界的价值,失实的新闻是毫无价值的,也就不算是新闻了。第三,新闻是人们了解外部世界,决定自己的行动,端正自己的认识的重要信息源,不实的新闻会使受众产生错误,这是道德和法律所不能允许的。第四,真实性是形成和确保新闻权威性的根本前提。
3.时效性
时效是新闻竞争的核心。新闻的时效性有两层含义,一是指新闻发生的新近性,二是指报道的及时性。
二、新闻价值
新闻价值是指构成新闻事实和材料本身所具有的满足社会对新闻的需要的信息意义。新闻价值是判定一个事实值不值得报道的客观标准。新闻价值包括5个要素:
1.时新性:新闻姓“新”,时间越近,新闻越新,所具有的新闻价值就越大。
2.重要性:指社会生活中出现的影响较大而又为许多人所关注的事件。
3.显著性:指引人注目的人物和事件。
4.接近性:指新闻与受众在地理上、思想上、职业上、性别上、年龄上、心理上的关联。其关联程度越紧密,越能引起受众的兴趣,新闻价值越大。
5.趣味性:新闻报道的内容必须是广大读者的感兴趣的。有的新闻事实不一定具有很大的社会意义,但只要是有健康趣味的,也是有新闻价值的。
三、 新闻写作的常用文体与类型
消息是迅速及时地报道社会生活中重要的突出事件和新近发生或发现的事物、成就、问题、情况等的新闻文体,是新闻报道的主要形式,也是新闻报道的最常见、最主要的文体。
一.消息的结构
消息的结构是指一篇消息的材料组合和段落安排的总体设计,也就是写作顺序。
新闻写作中对消息的材料结构的总的要求是:简明扼要,层次清晰,能准确地叙述事实,能发挥新闻价值的最佳效果,最有利于表现主题,最能够吸引读者。
目前,国内外常见的消息形式,大致有三大类。
1倒金字塔式结构
这是采用最多的一种消息结构,也称为“倒三角结构”。它的特点是将最重要、最新鲜、最吸引人的新闻事实放在最前面,并按材料的重要性来安排段落层次:重要的居前,次要的继之,再次要的置于末尾。
2金字塔结构
作者完全按事件发生、发展的先后顺序安排层次。事件的开头就是消息的开头,事件的结尾就是消息的结尾。这种编年史式的写法,读者容易接受和理解。一些故事性强、人情浓的消息常采用这种结构。
3自由式结构
现实生活是丰富多彩的,消息的内容也是千姿百态、千变万化的,因此,消息的结构形式也是多种多样的。消息还有并列式结构、对比式结构、问答式结构、总结式结构,等等。
二.消息的标题
一般来说,一篇消息可以分为5个部分:标题、导语、主体、背景、结尾。其中导语、主体、背景是主要部分。当然,并非任何一则消息都包含有完整的5个部分,有的只有其中的两或三四个部分。
消息的标题具有多行性的特点,信息量大。它有所谓引题、主题、副题之分。
引题,又称肩题、眉题或看题。它主要用来揭示新闻事实的意义,交代形势,说明背景,烘托气氛,引出主题;在主题为虚题时,还有说明“主题”的作用。其位置在主题的上方。
主题,又称正题,它一般用来点明消息的主要事实或概括说明消息所表达的思想和观点。它在引题之下,副题之上,其位居中,且字体比引题、副题大。
副题,又称辅题或子题,一般用以报道事实的结构或提要,有是也用来的说明主题的来源、依据,弥补主题的不足。其位置在主题之下。
三.消息的导语
消息的导语,即消息的开头,通常是指消息的第一自然段。它以极简要的文字写出消息的主要内容,用最新鲜、最重要、最引人的事实,揭示新闻的主题,引起读者的兴趣和注意。
由两个或多个自然段组成的导语,称“复合导语”。
导语写法多样,而且可以按不同标准分类。按消息要素在导语里出现的多少分类,导语可分为全型导语和微型导语两种。
所谓全型导语,就是消息的六个要素齐全的导语。
随着新闻事业的发展,全型导语的采用越来越少了,代之而起的是部分要素导语,也称做微型导语。
按照导语中强调的要素,可分为突出“何人”的导语,突出“何地”、“何时”、“何事”的导语等。
按导语表达方式,可分为叙述式的导语、描写式导语、评论式导语和引语式导语,等等。
导语的表现形式还有一些,如比喻式、摘要式、对比式、抒情式、悬念式,等等。一则消息的导语究竟如何写,主要根据新闻事实的特点还决定,不应拘泥于某种形式。
四.消息的主体和结尾
主体是消息的主干部分。他承接导语,用具体、充实的材料,展开导语,揭示消息的主题。
消息主体的结构形式一般有时间顺序、逻辑顺序和时间顺序和逻辑顺序结合三种。
五.消息的背景
新闻背景是有关新闻事实的历史和环境资料。用背景材料衬托或说明新闻事实,可以显示或强调信息的重要意义。
新闻背景材料可分为说明性材料和注释性材料。
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篇20:高考英语写作必背句式90个
全文共 14441 字
+ 加入清单一个句子必须按照一定的模式来组织,这个模式称为句式。下面是语文迷为大家提供的高考英语写作优秀句式,供大家参考。
1) on the other hand, the contribution of day schools cant be ignored.
2) due to high tuition fee, most of ordinary families cannot afford to send their children to boarding schools.
3) since it is unnecessary to consider students routinelife, day school can lay stress on teaching instead of other aspects, such as management of dormitory and cafeteria.
4) furthermore, students living in their own home would have access to a comfortable life and have more opportunities to communicate with their parents, which have beneficial impact on development of their personal character.
5) from what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that both of day schools and boarding schools are important to train young students for our society.
6) there is much discussion over science and technology. one of the questions under debate is whether traditional technology and methods are bound to die out when a country begins to develop modern science and technology.
7) According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.
8) The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.
9) No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.
10) People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.
11) An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.
12) When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.
13) Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a persons physical fitness.
14) Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful
15) An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.
16) Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.
17) There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.
18) An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.
19) A proper part-time job does not occupy students too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
20) Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.
21) Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.
22) In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.
23) The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.
24) It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.
25) Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.
26) No one can deny the fact that a persons education is the most important aspect of his life.
27) People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.
28) In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.
29) In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.
30) We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.
31) People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.
32) The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.
33) Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.
34) This is a matter of life and death--a matter no country can afford to ignore.
35) For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons:
36) Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.
37) This view is now being questioned by more and more people.
38) Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information Ive collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.
39) Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.
40) In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.
41) Using bicycle contributes greatly to peoples physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.
42) Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.
43) Bicycle cant be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.
44) From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.
45) There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.
46) This issue has caused wide public concern.
47) It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.
48) A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously, they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a persons education is a most important aspect of his life.
49) As for me, Im in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the following reasons:
50) It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.
51) Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.
52) It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.
53) For lack of distinct culture, some places will not attract tourists any more. Consequently, the fast rise in number of foreign tourists may eventually lead to the decline of local tourism.
54) There is a growing tendency for parents to ask their children to accept extra educational programs over the recent years.
55) This phenomenon has caused wide public concern in many places of world.
56) Many parents believe that additional educational activities enjoy obvious advantage. By extra studies, they maintain, their children are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge, which will put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets when they grow up.
57) In the first place, extra studies bring about unhealthy impacts on physical growth of children. Educational experts point out that, it is equally important to take some sport activities instead of extra studies when children have spent the whole day in a boring classroom.
58) Children are undergoing fast physical development; lack of physical exercise may produce disastrous influence on their later life.
59) In the second place, from psychological aspect, the majority of children seem to tend to have an unfavorable attitude toward additional educational activities.
60) It is hard to imagine a student focusing their energy on textbook while other children are playing.
61) Moreover, children will have less time to play and communicate with their peers due to extra studies, consequently, it is difficult to develop and cultivate their character and interpersonal skills. They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illness.
62) From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that, although extra studies indeed enjoy many obvious advantages, its disadvantages shouldnt be ignored and far outweigh its advantages. It is absurd to force children to take extra studies after school.
63) Any parents should place considerable emphasis on their children to keep the balance between play and study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
64) There is a growing tendency for parent these days to stay at home to look after their children instead of returning to work earlier.
65) Parents are firmly convinced that, to send their child to kindergartens or nursery schools will have an unfavorable influence on the growth of children.
66) However, this idea is now being questioned by more and more experts, who point out that it is unhealthy for children who always stay with their parents at home.
67) Although parent would be able to devote much more time and energy to their children, it must be admitted that, parent has less experience and knowledge about how to educate and supervise children, when compared with professional teachers working in kindergartens or nursery schools.
68) From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that, although the parents desire to look after children by themselves is understandable, its disadvantages far outweigh the advantages.
69) Parents should be encouraged to send their children to nursery schools, which will bring about profound impacts on children and families, and even the society as a whole.
70) Many leaders of government always go into raptures at the mere mention of artistic and cultural projects. They are forever talking about the nice parks, the smart sculptures in central city and the art galleries with various valuable rarities. Nothing, they maintain, is more essential than such projects in the economic growth.
71) But is it really the case? The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that artistic and cultural projects may be less useful than many governments think. In fact, basic infrastructure projects are playing extremely important role and should be given priority.
72) Those who are in favor of artistic and cultural projects advocate that cultural environment will attract more tourists, which will bring huge profits to local residents. Some people even equate the build of such projects with the improving of economic construction.
73) Unfortunately, there is very few evidence that big companies are willing to invest a huge sums of money in a place without sufficient basic projects, such as supplies of electricity and water.
74) From what has been discussed above, it would be reasonable to believe that basic projects play far more important role than artistic and cultural projects in peoples life and economic growth.
75) Those urban planners who are blind to this point will pay a heavy price, which they cannot afford it.
76) There is a growing tendency these days for many people who live in rural areas to come into and work in city. This problem has caused wide public concern in most cities all over the world.
77) An investigation shows that many emigrants think that working at city provide them with not only a higher salary but also the opportunity of learning new skills.
78) It must be noted that improvement in agriculture seems to not be able to catch up with the increase in population of rural areas and there are millions of peasants who still live a miserable life and have to face the dangers of exposure and starvation.
79) Although rural emigrants contribute greatly to the economic growth of the cities, they may inevitably bring about many negative impacts.
80) Many sociologists point out that rural emigrants are putting pressure on population control and social order; that they are threatening to take already scarce city jobs; and that they have worsened traffic and public health problems.
81) Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.
82) An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.
83) For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.
84) For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.
85) There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school students doing a part-time job.
86) By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.
87) Although peoples lives have been dramatically changed over the last decades, it must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day
88) Consequently, the extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.
89) From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a far-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time job, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.
90) These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in past. Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.