小学英语作文自我介绍(优秀20篇)

端午节是我们中国十分隆重的节日，它是为了纪念战国时期伟大的爱国诗人屈原，现在的中国人还在延续这一习俗，甚至还有一天的法定节日。

Dragon Boat Festival is a very grand festival in China. It is to

commemorate Qu Yuan, a great patriotic poet in the Warring States period. Now

Chinese people still continue this custom, even a legal festival.

农历五月初五就是端午节了，家家户户都要包粽子，还有有趣的划龙舟比赛呢!奶奶在家已经煮好了香喷喷的粽子，打开锅盖满屋都飘着粽子的清香，让我闻得口水直流个不停。我迫不及待地剥开粽子叶津津有味的吃了起来，真是回味无穷呀!

The Dragon Boat Festival is on the fifth day of may in the lunar calendar.

Every family needs to make zongzi. There are also interesting dragon boat races!

Grandma has cooked delicious zongzi at home. When she opened the pot cover, the

fragrance of zongzi was floating all over the house, making my mouth water

continuously. I cant wait to peel off the zongzi leaf and eat it with relish.

Its really memorable!

吃完粽子后，爸爸带我去看划龙舟比赛，这里人山人海，车水马龙的可热闹了!比赛开始了，各个队伍都蓄势待发，随着一阵枪声一条条龙舟飞快地划过水面，犹如一支支箭向前飞去。在场的观众们兴奋喊道着加油加油，在为参赛者加油鼓励，参赛者们听了心里充满了信心使劲地划桨，水花到处飞溅。各条龙舟你追我赶的，最后，落后的一号终于追上了遥遥领先的二号第一个冲过了终点，观众们不禁欢呼起来，到处都是一片欢乐的海洋。啊!这真是我最难忘的一天了。

After eating zongzi, my father took me to watch the dragon boat race. There

are lots of people here, and the traffic is very busy! The race started, and

every team is ready to go. With a burst of gunfire, each dragon boat flies

across the water like an arrow. The audience cheered and shouted, cheering and

encouraging for the contestants. The contestants listened with confidence and

strove hard to paddle, and the water splashed everywhere. Each dragon boat

chased after each other. At last, the laggard No. 1 finally caught up with the

far ahead No. 2. The audience couldnt help cheering. There was a sea of joy

everywhere. Ah! This is the most unforgettable day for me.

还有许许多多的传统节日也是和端午节一样有趣的，我们要一起保护中国的传统节日。

There are also many traditional festivals as interesting as Dragon Boat

Festival. We should protect Chinese traditional festivals together.

我的名字叫xxx，小名叫蓉蓉，今年8岁半，是三年级地小学生。

我是一个活泼开朗地女孩，我天生就爱笑，只要看见有趣地事情，就会呵呵地笑个不停。

我有一对白净地脸蛋，弯弯地眉毛像小船，一双水灵灵地大眼睛，翘翘地眼睛毛，秀气地鼻子，粉红色地小嘴，看，我是不是很美丽！

我爱唱歌，爱跳舞，每次上舞蹈课，我觉得自己跳得可美了，就像一个舞蹈家。我还喜欢弹钢琴，妈妈洗衣服地时候，我就在旁边给妈妈弹钢琴曲，妈妈听了我弹地曲子，就不感觉累了。

我地优点是学习上认真、刻苦，缺点就是不太爱读书，每次都是妈妈催我看书。我地愿望是长大当一名老师，把自己学地东西传授给学生们。

这就是我，以后地我，会慢慢改掉坏习惯，多看书，争取做个好孩子，希望大家喜欢我。

大家好，我叫赖隽丹，今年8岁。我有一双水汪汪的眼睛，乌黑的头发，又高又尖的鼻子，两条弯弯的柳叶眉，樱桃嘴，红扑扑的脸。

我活泼开朗，特别爱玩，喜欢在家里乱画，因此常常惹妈妈生气，我平时性情温和，但是有时会发脾气，可能是男生总是惹我吧！

我喜欢画画，看电影，我最喜欢的是跳绳和羽毛球，妈妈说我每天打羽毛球半个小时，跳绳半个小时。爸爸妈妈希望我快快乐乐地成长。

我的优点是字写的很好，经常得到老师的表扬。当然我也优缺点：学习不认真，写作业拖拉，最大的缺点是粗心，容易看错字，写错字，把加法看乘法。不过，我已经下定决心了要改正。

这就是我。

Very happy and we feel we are one together - young teachers heroic

feelings, My name is Ling, graduation Yidu teacher.

I was crying my choice too, have work for me sad too, because I embarked on

a career like I did not do a very poor teacher, I cry many times my choice, they

can In countless grief I have been comforted, when I saw both of that is full of

naive, but eager to swim in the ocean of knowledge a child, my sinking, floating

calm the mind, and slowly I also learn from practice feel the teachers pride,

he was like a Spring Silkworms, like the dedication of their own candles no

regrets, I have seen it countless teachers no regrets, and with their youth and

lives to defend the sanctity of the teaching profession, but also what they use

their own actions, with traces of life, inspired by those of us who come after,

I have reluctantly enamel reluctantly, by the reluctance to wholeheartedly love

this job, because I have seen that life will go beyond the utilitarian, although

meals for life, But the living is not for eating, living in the possession of

many small minded, short-term birth in eternity, while the teachers are such a

career.

I know that a teacher tired, bitter, but to their own ideal, I still would

like to pursue, to the surging waves of fighting, to sinister mountain climbing,

there may be storms, a storm, the road may be bumpy, but I still would use

laughter, with songs to fill ups and downs, I will meet with the merry laughter

of the rising sun, I will be flying the heart to face my work and life. Yes

ah!

我叫XXX，今年11岁，上五年级。

我有长长的头发，细细的眉毛下面镶嵌着一双乌亮的眼睛，苗条的身材。我的爱好有弹古筝、画画。不过我最大的爱好是看书、下象棋。我先说说书吧。

书是我生活中必不可少的一部分。我爱看书，有时看的都着了迷。妈妈说我是个小书迷。有一次，我正在看书，看的津津有味，妈妈叫我下楼买糖，我正看到一段笑话，哈哈大笑。后来才知道妈妈叫我下楼买东西，我连忙去买。买回来我又去看书。妈妈问：“怎么买的是盐？”我真粗心呀!

下面该说象棋了，当我觉得无聊时，就和弟弟下棋。如果打成平局，我还要再来一次。要是我赢了，我一蹦三尺高。要是我输了，我就找我的快乐宠物古筝谈（弹）心去了。

该说我的快乐宠物了，我学古筝两年半，弹的还不错，比赛中还得了二等奖呢!羡慕吗？画画就不说了。

大家好，我是一名小学四年级的一位学生。我成绩一般，但是性格开朗。

记得有一次，我们全校一起去海边旅游，大家一早就坐上了去郊外的大巴上。坐上了大巴，大家都沉默不语，显得很沉寂。我看到了于是对着大家说：“同学们，让我们来唱歌吧！”于是在这一路上，我们大伙一路唱歌到达了目的地。到了海边，我们一起嬉戏着，看着海边的波澜壮阔，觉得非常的壮观。

我喜欢乐于助人，以帮助别人为我的自豪。

还有一次，我们大家一起一起出去逛街。我们走在街上。看见了一个眼睛不好的老爷爷在颤抖着过马路，这时我们立马跑去搀扶着他过马路。我和我的同学一起一左一右的扶着老爷爷过了马路。看着老爷爷安全的过了马路。我和我的朋友们觉得很自豪。

我还喜欢体育，每次体育节目我都要参加。

在学校，学习不是我的爱好。但是说我最喜欢的就是打篮球。每次，我都喜欢和我的朋友一起打篮球。我觉得在球场上飞驰，能够使我非常舒服。而且我还喜欢各项体育项目，我可是我们班上的体育课代表呢？

这就是我，一个开朗，乐于助人热爱体育的人。

Hello ,teachers. I want to say something about a girl :This is a girl who is beautiful .She has two big eyes ,a small nose ,and two small ears .She likes swimming and dancing .She likes learning English ,because it’s interesting .But she doesn’t like maths ,it’s very difficult.There are three people in her family :father ,mother ,and her .They love her very much .Do you know this girl ?Yes ,this is me , a lovely girl.

Hello ,teachers. I want to say something about a boy :This is a boy who is handsome .He has two big eyes ,a small nose ,and two small ears .He likes swimming and playing computer games  .He  likes learning English ,because it’s interesting .But he doesn’t like maths ,it’s very difficult.Do you know this boy  ?Yes ,this is me , a  cool boy.

旅游有关的小学英语作文四I heard that Lijiang was a very beautiful city when I was young. I travelled there in a holidy with my parents.I went there by plane. I saw there were many moutains when I got out the plane. The air was fresh.We went to the Lijiang Gucheng the fist day, and we bought some interesting things and had a good meal in the Lijiang Gucheng. On the second day ,we went to the Yulong snowy moutain, it was beautiful, and it was my first time I had seen the snow. I played with the snow happily. My father told me that Yulong snow moutain was a famous place in China, many people came here every year. I was happy throughout this trip, because it was even better to beijing!

老师们，同学们：

早上好！

我是吴昊阳，二年级一班的班长。父亲说，男人要像浩瀚的海洋一样，胸怀大志，胸怀宽广，故名“浩阳”。我是一个很乐观的男生，我觉得我们应该分享每一分钟的快乐时光。在家里，我是一个很听话的孩子，不会只跟着自己的性子走，因为我知道父母生我们养我们不容易，他们很爱我们，我们不能让他们生气。有时候我会做错事，我会向父母道歉。在学校，我听老师的话，不跟同学打架，上课认真听讲，遵守纪律，课后和同学玩耍嬉闹，待人和善，按时完成作业，考试成绩好。我是老师心目中的好学生。当然，我不会亏待自己。当我累的时候，我会出去和孩子们玩。我满头大汗的跑着，脸上却挂着幸福的笑容。我有广泛的爱好，如书法、绘画、唱歌、听音乐和阅读。我最喜欢的是书法和唱歌。在我看来，书法可以修身养性，而音乐可以陶冶情操？？我是一个像向日葵一样追逐阳光的男孩。我的人生观是天天开心。希望能给大家带来快乐！

我叫蒋梦涵，今年十二岁。我勤奋好学、品学兼优、乐观向上、爱好广泛、尊敬师长、团结同学、做事执着、有毅力、是一个德、智、体、美、劳全面发展的好学生。我有一颗善良真诚的心灵。有人说，金子是最纯美的，但比金子更美的是人的心灵。我有一颗洁白无暇、善良真诚的心灵，我心地善良、追求纯真、无私无邪。在家里，对待亲人，关注亲人的冷暖，经常帮助爸爸妈妈做一些力所能及的家务活，打扫卫生，让亲情其乐融融。在学校，我有一颗真诚的爱心。对于困难同学，我总是乐于伸出援助的小手，助人为乐，真诚奉献，对于学习上的后进生，我也是及时给予力所能及的帮助，从不计较个人的得失。

我有一股执着向上的追求。我追求思想向上。从呀呀学语到接受家庭启蒙和幼儿、小学教育，初谙世事的我就一直在追求着思想的向上：“做个好孩子，做个好学生”。我遵守校规校纪、对人讲礼貌、自觉遵守小学生行为规范和社会公德，深得老师、家长和同学们的好评。我追求学习向上。对待学习，我一丝不苟，并有一股可贵的钻劲儿和韧劲儿;我遇事好问个为什么，喜欢和老师、同学讨论问题，善于表现自己，展示自我。课堂上有时为了一个问题或一种解题方法和老师、同学展开辩论，老师看在眼里，喜在心里。我的语文、数学、英语学习成绩一直名列前茅，每一学期都被评为“三好学生”。

我追求全面发展，兴趣广泛，除认真学习课本知识外，我还特别喜欢看书、绘画、唱歌和弹琴。闲暇时，我总是挤出时间来看书，我喜欢看的书有《十万个为什么》、《中国青少年百科全书》、《纸上天文馆》、《格林童话》、《小学生科学知识故事》……开卷有益”、“读书破万卷，下笔如有神”，正是由于我养成了良好的看书习惯，促进了我写作水平的提高，我的作文多次作为范文在班级交流，在学校荣获阅读一等奖。自九岁起，就一直在学习拉丁舞。

我有一腔勇于负责的精神。在学校里我是老师的得力小助手，同学们的好服务员。我从小学一年级开始当选为班长，自当上班长那一天起，我就用稚嫩的肩膀承担起了一份责任。在各项活动中我总是积极参与，充分发挥自己的特长，为班级赢得了很多的荣誉。因为我是班长，劳动时我总是抢着干最脏最重的活儿，从不偷懒，也不会拿出班长的架子只指挥别人干，下课后同学们休息我却还在忙着收发作业本。有同学不守纪律了，我会及时给同学们指出来。有同学遇到不懂的问题了我会耐心辅导，连放学后还有同学甚至是家长找我问这问那。对于这些，我从没有半句怨言。

我爱学习、爱思考、勤于实践，坚持努力学好各门功课，并且积极参加形式多样的课外活动，了解社会，有一定的实践能力。我善于观察，勤学好问，根据自己的想象，经常在家制作一些小东西，种植一些小植物，实践让我吸取了甘甜，拥有了丰润，丰满了羽翼。

这就是我——蒋梦涵，一个既有爱心、责任心和恒心，又多才多艺的女孩。

我是一个活泼可爱的小男孩，我笑的时候大门牙总是会露出来。我长的黑黑的瘦瘦的，我平时喜欢吃土豆和可乐鸡翅，所以大家叫我小黑人，但我并不生气因为这是我的外号。

我很爱看书。记得有一次妈妈给我买一本书，我刚看一会儿就入迷了，于是我到了家连上厕所都要拿着看，忘记了吃饭，忘记了睡觉，从下午7点一直看到了晚上12点多，一直把这本书看完，妈妈夸我是小书迷。

我很勇敢。有一次我自己独自在家里，妈妈在南阳，于是我给爸爸打电话，爸爸说：“工作太忙离不开，但是爸爸说：“你先睡吧！我一会儿就会儿就回来，等到第二天我才知道爸爸没有回来，我竟然在家睡了一晚，妈妈夸我长大了，真勇敢！”我心里比吃了蜜还甜。

这就是我，一个活泼可爱的我，你们认识我了吧！愿意和我做朋友吗？”

九年前的一天，一个白胖胖的小男孩哭着来到这个美丽的世界上，这个男孩就是我张照远。

我来自华龙区实验小学三（3）班。我有一张圆圆的脸，乌黑的大眼睛在长长的睫毛衬托下显得更加有神，挺直的鼻子下面缀着一个能说会道的小嘴，说起话来滔滔不绝，小朋友们都很喜欢我。

我的性格活泼可爱，经常和小朋友做游戏，有一次我们玩打水枪，我采用机智、勇敢的方法打败了对手，大家都夸我聪明。

虽然我玩的时候很活泼、淘气，但是学习时我很专心。有一次，老师出了道奥赛题，我开动脑筋，作了出来，老师直夸我有创新能力呢！

在班上，我是个好学生，每天的作业都能按时完成，做完后也能自己检查，上课时能积极发言，爱帮助同学，所以老师也选我当他的小助手。

在家里我也是个乖巧懂事的好孩子，经常帮妈妈干家务，比如：拖地板、擦桌子、帮妈妈买菜。

我的梦想是长大了当一名科学家，发明更先进的机器，为祖国建设贡献力量。

你看我是不是很棒？你愿意和我做朋友吗？希望你们能够喜欢我这个阳光男孩张照远。

大家好，我是来自文学院汉语言文学专业的吴××，喜欢文字，钟爱写作，爱好艺术，信奉“读万卷书，行万里路”的格言，优良的家庭氛围培养了我爱好读书的习性，而天生喜欢自由的我，经常利用假期到处走走，开阔自己的眼界，拓宽自己的视野，用自己的心去感悟生活，与历史对话。这就是我，一个不喜热闹，安静淡然过自己的生活的女孩，希望能在生活中汲取营养，不断提升自我，具备成长的能力，做一个素雅的女子。大学的最后一年，能跟大家相聚是一种缘分，期盼在以后的日子里相识，相知，愿这段经历能成为彼此今后人生一段美好的回忆。

大家好！我的名字叫段骁倍，今年已经9岁，现在正是一名三年级的小学生。我长着一张像苹果一样的小圆脸，脸上时常透着扑了胭脂似的健康红色，遗憾的是笑起来脸上没有可爱的、迷人的小酒窝；一双明亮但又因不注意用眼健康而挂起了一幅小眼镜的眼睛；一个常常被妈妈称为不太挺拔而且稍有点塌的小鼻子；一张高兴时会裂开、生气时会嘟起的红润的小嘴巴。

我是一个有着多重性格的小女孩，在高兴的时候，我就是一只温柔的小绵羊，总是喜欢赖在妈妈的怀里撒撒娇，逗一逗妈妈；愤怒时我是一只狂吼的小狮子，会冲着妈妈乱喊乱叫，时常惹得妈妈把手举起来落在我倒霉的屁股上。对遇到困难的同学，我会伸出援助之手帮他们渡过难关；对于调皮捣蛋的同学，我会想办法“惩治”他们，让他们都认真地去学习……

我不仅是一个爱好十分广泛，而且还喜欢读书的小女孩。

由于我比较喜爱读书，所以我的妈妈就常常给我买一些适合我读的书。一有时间，我就会拿起书，津津有味地读起来。妈妈经常说我不分时间，不分场合地去读书。这不，早上一起来，刚穿上衣服，还没来得及刷牙、洗脸，我就捧起书读了起来。要不是妈妈催我，我还会一直读下去。好不容易刷了牙，洗了脸，又赖着让妈妈为我梳头，妈妈刚拿起梳子，我却说停，迅速地拿起书又读了起来。妈妈说我这是见缝插针，我却说，这是在珍惜生命，因为时间就是生命。

这就是我，一个不愿长大的小女孩。

我叫陈田丽珠，今年10岁了，在民主小学上学。

我长的不怎么样，一双水汪汪的小眼睛，一个踏鼻子，一张刀子似的嘴巴，我喜欢跳皮筋、玩电脑、跳绳。。。。。。

那是我学跳绳的一天，我正和同学玩的.正欢，忽然，姐姐来了，她说：“我们去玩跳绳吧！”我说：“可是我不会跳呀。”她说：“我来教你”我答应了。姐姐当起了跳绳的老师，指手画脚的教起我来，尽管她教的那样认真，我还是不会，我有点灰心了，姐姐她说做什么事一定要有恒心，我相信姐姐的话，认真的学起来，功夫不负有心人，不一会儿，我学会了，我高兴极了。

同学们你们学什么东西一定要耐心才能学好，相信我！

英语念起来干枯无聊，我偶尔往前面望去，有一排同学没事可做，竟然搞起敢死队的工作——在英语老师的眼皮子底下看漫画书，晕。更为巧合的是――竟然都是坐在一排的人！怀疑是不是串通好了的呢。

敢死队员1号：小心翼翼型

这位队员一边看着书，一边虎视耽耽地望着老师。瞧，他刚翻一页，就抬头看看老师，接着又翻一页，然后有抬头望望老师，这样重复循环，真不知道他把内容看进去没有。看见老师的目光没有扫向他，他赶紧抓住机会连翻几页，然后突然抬头，盯着老师。

敢死队员2号：动作怪怪型

这位队员可有点怪了，看着书，一会儿掏掏鼻子，一会儿打打哈欠，一会儿摸摸耳朵，一副惟恐天下不乱的样子，好像不让老师发现他的举动就不甘心似的，真是个怪人。

敢死队员3、4号：谈天说地型

这两位同学有些不把老师放在眼里了，边看书边聊天。我隐隐约约听见他们说冒险岛OL，说漫画内容，说小说，说娱乐咨询，就连老师和同学的目光扫向他们，也无济于事。

敢死队员5号：边学边看型

这位同学好像有些明白学习的重要性，看了几分钟的书，马上立起来听老师的讲课。课上一半时，老师为了扫查班上的敢死队，把同学们一个叫起一个问问题。这下可让这群敢死队员们开始惶恐不安了，他们连书都顾不着看呢。而这位队员呢，看一会儿就学学，这一招算是对他的MISS了。

敢死队员6号：理直气壮型

这位同学可是班上的霸王级分子了（注：别乱想，不是我啊），他可是一人之下，几十人之上，谁敢对他不敬，他的落雷马上就落在你头上了，（注：我已经欠了他3顿打了，要不是我能帮他弄电脑作业，我早就魂飞天了）因此每人敢告发他。不知是她的好运还是老师放水，他这样看了一堂课，竟然都没半点被批评，真太不公平了！！

谁知道，老师从天而降，为了抓住敢死分子，居然来个背后突袭，到所有座位后边地毯式搜索。5名敢死队员唰地一声，在同一时间内放下书，装起乖乖。只有敢死队员6号稳如泰山，而老师的目光明明瞄准了他，可老师却好像在放水一样，竟纵容他在自己眼皮子底下活动，真气死人了！而其他5位的敢死队员便无机可乘，只好乖乖停课，唯独6号占了便宜。

Last Monday, we had a monitor election. At the beginning the two candidates, LiuDong and Wang Hong gave us a speech introducing themselves and telling us their plans in the future. Then we had a vote. We wrote down the name of the better one in our mind and put the paper in a box. Then the exciting time came that our teacher counted the number and wrote it on the blackboard. The result was that 28 students who voted Wang Hong, 13 more than the number of students who voted LiuDong, which meaned WangHong was elected as our monitor. Wang is really pretty good. I believe she will be a good monitor.

Spring Festival was my favorite Chinese festival when I was a child. At

that time, I had a great time. Every year at that time I could dress new

clothes, get lucky money from relatives and seldom receive criticism from my

mother. Everything seems such wonderful. However, as I grow up, I find Spring

Festival is less and less interesting. I just feel that as usual. What’s worse,

with the fireworks, I find Spring Festival is a noisy festival. So I don’t like

it any more.

In our common home - the earth, life with a lot of animal, which animal do

you like? Anyway, my favorite animal is our most loyal friend - a dog.My

favorite is my neighbors dog that Beijing BaGou yuan yuan and collie handsome.

They play together every day, it is a good friend of a stick dozen not

scattered, I also like them, they saw I was shaking his tail towards

me.Handsome shape tiger is big, the body is about more than 60 centimeters

long. Two leg, capable to my shoulders, his eyes, nose, mouth, ears are much

older than yuan yuan, I most like to see him running figure - curly float in the

sky, like a nice horse. I often and yuan yuan, running with the handsome, every

time is handsome first, second, I am the third round. Can literally, handsome

running faster than thoroughbred horse. Average dog ran up, send out "clicking"

sound, but handsome rans voice is very small, not carefully is inaudible. The

appearance of the handsome run is also very handsome, curly, bow shaped body. If

you want to use a word to describe talent, that is: handsome. If you use a word

that was impeccable.Compared with the handsome, round shape is much smaller,

only 30 centimeters in length and a half smaller than talent. The meaning of his

name from his eyes, it is too round. Like a shiny black stones. And his legs are

very round and round this is name. And his legs are very short, so even if he

runs, casting its foot also run fast, but I still like him very much the kind of

simple and lovely.This is what I like animals, do you like?

我看起来瘦瘦的，长着一张瓜子脸，一双黑宝石似的眼睛非常有神，爸爸妈妈都说我的眼睛会说话，我的嘴红红的，我有两个最大的特点，一是很马虎，二是很幽默。

有一次我写日记，妈妈走了过来说：“怎么又没按日记格式写，同样的错误我已经犯了很多次了。写完后，我又给妈妈读一遍，发现把“蚂蚁”写成“妈蚁”了，这下我可害羞死了，表情一下子变了，脸也红得像红苹果一样。

我也很幽默，有一次我和哥哥去公园。我想取高处的东西，因为个小，拿不到，哥哥说：“我帮你吧。”我一本着经的说：“不用了，男女接触不实。”哥哥知道我说得不对，哈哈大笑。回家后告诉了爸爸妈妈，他们也笑得前仰后合，我不解的看着他们，不知道大家笑什么。最后才知道是怎么回事。

这就是我，一个既马虎又幽默的漂亮小女孩。

The environment has been polluted badly today and the nature punishes the

human being by all kinds of disasters, such as the heavy haze in Beijing, which

damages people’s health. World Environment Day is on June 5th. It pays attention

to call for the public to make an effort to bring the world a clean

environment.

Look at the pollution around us, which exists everywhere. The cars release

the gas which pollutes the air and the rubbish can be found in every corner of

the street. All of these daily incidents hurts the world we live. Especially the

factories, they release the heavy smoke and make the sky becomes dark. What’s

more, the wasted water flows to the clean river.

Though the government has made some action to punish the businessmen for

releasing the polluted sources, they still dare to take the risk of earning the

biggest profit. If we hurt the environment, it will hurt ourselves, because we

live together. The polluted environment threatens our health. If we want to live

the comfortable life, then the only way is to be nice to the environment.