环境污染类英语作文经典20篇

When winter comes, the topic of haze will never be ignored. When it comes, many pictures will be showed. People make fun of these pictures and they actually laugh at themselves, living with these poison air. Even in the daytime, people can’t see their faces beyond 10 meters. Many schools choose to stop the class and let the students stay at home. It is obvious that haze is a great threat to people’s health. This new type of destruction is the result of polluted environment. Businessmen chase for the profit and take the cost of polluting the environment. Now their offspring have to suffer from it. It is never too late to do something to protect our earth.

当冬季来临的时候，阴霾的话题永远不会被忽略。当雾霾到来的时候，人们会为它拍摄很多图片，之后再取笑这些照片。但是他们实际上嘲笑的是他们自己，因为他们生活在这些有毒的空气里。即使在白天，如果超过10米的话，人们都会看不见他人的脸。许多学校选择停课，让学生呆在家里。很明显，雾霾严重威胁到人们的健康。这种新型的破坏是环境污染的后果。商人们追求以污染环境为代价的利润，现在他们的后代都得遭受到恶果。现在为保护我们的地球付出努力还为时不晚。

随着科技的发展，人们的生活水平也越来越高，环境问题也越来越严重了，你们发现了吗?

咱们就来说说水被污染的问题吧!加油站和其他工厂总是把未经过净化处理的水排放到河里，导致小鱼没有了家。我们国家有百分之五十一的人都无法用到干净的水，这样的数字难道不可怕吗?所以节约用水已是迫在眉睫，你还在浪费吗?

我们再来说说树木减少的问题吧!现在好多树木已经被我们砍伐叻，所以沙尘暴来了，洪水来了，大自然来报复我们了。我们都知道使用的一次性筷子都是用树木做的，如果我们每个人每天可以少用一双一次性筷子，一年下来就可以保留千万棵树木，看到这时，你还在放肆自己的行为吗?

我们再来看看那天空，蓝蓝的天不见了，白白的云也藏起来了，是真的没有了吗?不是的，它们只是被工厂排放的浓烟给“保护”起来了。

这些都是水造成的呢?都是我们人类自己，如果不乱砍伐树木、垃圾，合理排放净化过的污水，相信我们的地球就会很美。保护地球人人有责，让我们一起来保护环境吧!

人们一直以为地球上的陆地、空气是无穷无尽的，所以从不担心把千万吨废气送到天空去，又把数以亿吨计的垃圾倒进江河湖海。大家都认为世界这么大，这一点废物算什么？我们错了，其实地球虽大（半径6300多公里），但生物只能在海拔8千米到海底11千米的范围内生活，而占了95%的生物都只能生存在中间约3公里的范围内，人竟肆意地从三方面来弄污这有限的生活环境。

我觉得我们应该保护地球，因为没地球就没有我们人类，所以我们必须保护地球。保护地球是我们的责任！

How to save environment? I think we should do the followings: First, it’s best to ride a bike to school, don’t take a bus or a taxi. Second, I will remember to turn off the lights when I leave the classroom.

Third, in my free time, I will collect the empty bottles and waste paper for recycling. The fourth idea is turning off the shower when I ‘m not using it. Fifth, it is imporment to save water and money.

Also, I won’t spend too much money on expensive things. Last, we had better not cut down the trees, we have to take care of the trees . I’ll try my best to save the energy, I hope I can do something for our country.

how to solve the energy shortage（如何解决能源短缺问题）

energy shortage is a very serious problem in the world. many people worry that energy resources on the earth will be exhausted if we use them in an unchecked way. this, most people agree, will cause serious problems and even crisis and jeopardize the survival of mankind .

on the one hand, most people agree that the problem can be solved in one way or another. one is to conserve and save our energy. energy refers not only to coal, oil, or natural gases but also to goods, land and water, etc. most countries have realized the wastefulness in their using of energy. they are trying to conserve energy. for example, some countries have a daylight saving system to use less electricity for lighting. some cities have enforced water savers at public such as restrooms and bars. some have enforced serious penalties on overuse of electricity, water, and farming land. by these means, people hope the drain on energy resources could be slowed down.

however, conservation alone cannot solve the problem. another way, perhaps the best i think,, is to develop new energy resources. obviously, no matter how hard we try to save energy resources and how abundant they are, we will use them up sooner or later. i think there are many energy resources that we can develop and utilize. we don’t have to depend only on the current conventional energy resources. there are many other energy resources that we can develop such as nuclear power, waterpower and solar power. these resources, if developed, can completely replace the conventional energy and thus solve the problem of energy shortage.

[环境问题四级英语作文

由于私家车将会有更多的污染。一旦汽车起动,它释放大量的脏气和热量，这会导致很大的污染和温室效应。以下内容是小编为您精心整理的英语作文汽车环境污染，欢迎参考！

英语作文汽车环境污染一

In general, there are two ways of traveling, private cars and public transportation. Chinese people should regard public transportation as their first traveling opinion.

一般来说,有两种旅游方式，私家车和公共交通工具。中国人应该把公共交通工具作为旅游的第一选择。

First, there are so many people living in this countries that make it so crowded. If each chinese people own a car, there will be far more traffic jams and accidents, which increase you impatience.

首先,这个国家住着很多人，使得它非常拥挤。如果每个中国人都拥有一辆私家车，将会有更多的交通堵塞和事故，这会让你变得更加的不耐烦。

Moreover, there will be far more pollution resulted from cars. Once a car started, it release huge amount of dirty gas and heat, which lead to great pollution and result in green house effect.

再者，由于私家车将会有更多的污染。一旦汽车起动,它释放大量的脏气和热量，这会导致很大的污染和温室效应。

All in all,Chinesepeople should take public transpotation into consideration first。

总之，中国人应该以公共交通工具为第一选择。

英语作文汽车环境污染二

Too many cars have caused a lot of serious problems in our world. Besides congestion, accidents and fast fuel consumption, cars are responsible for a good part of air pollution in big cities. One possible solution is to design and develop clean cars and clean fuels. In Shanghai, some of the public buses begin to run on natural gas, which does not give off as much carbon dioxide as petrol. Another solution is to develop modern public transportation systems and restrict the use of private cars. If the price of petrol rises constantly and the public vehicles are efficient and convenient enough, most people will not buy private cars. Thus, the total number of cars in big cities will reduce greatly. On the whole, the elimination of air pollution needs the collective efforts from the government, the public and the environmentalists.

people have been living on the earth for thousands of years.humanactivity influences the earth. some people believe that theearth isbeing harmed by human activity. others feel that humanactivitymakes the earth a better place to live. in my opinion, theearth isbeing damaged by human activity. there are manystatementssupporting my opinion.

human activity has damaged natural environment and almostexaustednatural resources. modern industry needs more and moreresources,including minerals, fuels and water. so we confront ofthe seriousproblems such as the lack of fuels and water.ecological balance isdamaged because factories occupy many placeswhere animals andplants live. more and more buildings areconstructed and forestsbecome less and less. if we cannotrecognize these problems andsolve them soon, we would finally losethe environment suitable forour living.an other serious problem is the green-house effect.humanactivity decreases forests and increases the usage of fuels sothatthe gas of carbon dioxide is output more and more and there arenotenough plants to absorb it. the green-house effect is moreobviousand more sensible these years. due to the effect, icebergsin thesouth polar and north polar melt and the sea level becomeshigherthan before. i am worried about the cities nearby the sea andhopescientists find an effective method to eliminate thegreen-houseeffect.

although we have advanced machines and our life seemsmorecomfortable than before, we have less chances to approachnaturesand less spaces to act. the cities become bigger and if wewant tohave a picnic with our friends, we have to drive a longdistance tofind a natural place. in fact, the spaces of humanactivity arebeing damaged by the skyscrapers and factories.from the above statements, we can conclude that humanactivitybrings the earth many damages. fortunately people haverecognizedthe point and i believe that the earth will become abetter placeto live with our ceaseless efforts.

How Freshmen Adapt to the New Environment?

When freshmen enter the university at the first time they have to deal with all kinds of affairs independently.Whether a new student can understand and become familiar with the environment of the campus rapidly will determine whether he can live and study freely.

Firstly,the freshmen should be familiar with layout of the campus as soon as possible.As soon as freshmen arrange properly their luggage after entering the university,they should familiarise themselves with every location in the campus at once.In this way,they will save more time and get along smoother than others when they go through various kinds of formalities and solve various kinds of problems.

Secondly,freshmen should consult seniors more. It is the swiftest method to ask those familiar with the environment of the campus.

Finally,holding certain positions in the class can also help freshmen to adapt to their life on campus.

我是一条河，我非常快乐，我有很多朋友：小鱼、大树和小朋友们。

随着时光的推移，以前健壮的我，现在却这样瘦弱。以前美丽的我，现在却如此的丑陋呀!以前我整天欢快地歌唱，而现在我每天都看着天空，不断地唉声叹气。这都是因为我身上的这一大堆垃圾。我的脸上自从有了泥沙，就成了一个便利又肮脏的垃圾地。一旁的大树吸取了脏的水，还差点枯死。那天，小鱼也带着所有伙伴悄悄地离开这里。为了不让我太伤心，小鱼们在夜里行动。

那次，有两个小男孩回家路过这里，其中一个说：“我们快走，这里太臭了!”另一个人点点头。于是，他们风一样的跑远了。“你们别走啊!”我大声地喊。可是，再怎么喊也是没用的，因为谁愿意到这个“垃圾场”边玩呢?这时，我的眼睛里不禁留下了眼泪。

人类，请你们不要乱扔垃圾，这样，你不仅仅是破坏环境，还会危害地球。为了我们共同的家园，请一起保护环境吧!

here are many kinds of animals in the world,but not only the humans.we live in the same world,and we should be friends.as everybody knows,the humans are the rulers of the world today,so we should protect our friends--the animals!

But how to protect them?as first,i think we must stop killing the rare birds and animals,especially the young ones.the second,we have to protect the environment,to make the sky blue,to make the grass green,to give the animals a comfortable space to live

1、We are using up our natural resources and at the same time polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue to do this, life on earth cannot survive.

我们一边耗尽自然资源，一边产生化学污染物。如果继续这样做的话，地球上的生物将难以生存。

2、Protecting the environment is every mans responsibility.

保护地球环境是每一个人的责任。

3、if everyone could make a big contribution to environmental protection, our home will become much more beautiful.

如果每个人为环境保护作出一点贡献，我们的家园会变得更加美丽。

4、Protecting the environment，everyone，s duty.

保护环境，人人有责。

5、The short life of the flowers away, leaving behind the beauty is forever.

带走的花儿生命短暂，留下的美丽才是永远。

6、Governments of many countries have established laws to protect the air, forests and sea resources and to stop environmental pollution.

许多国家制定了法律来保护大气、森林和海洋资源，制止环境污染。

7、The protection of trees, that is, to protect themselves。

保护树木，就是保护自己。

8、In addition to the photos, nothing taken away; In addition to the footprints, nothing left.

除了相片，什么都不要带走;除了脚印，什么都不要留下。

9、Have green trees, have the pulse of the earth.

树木拥有绿色，地球才有脉搏。

10、Earth is our home, you rely on green.

地球是我家，绿化靠大家。

[保护环境英语作文例句

​导语：现阶段环境污染愈加严重，下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语作文，欢迎阅读与借鉴，谢谢!

THE citys meteorological observatory issued a white warning sign Thursday indicating the citys weather could be influenced by a tropical sand storm in the next two days.

The meteorological observatory in Beijing said the storm could hit the city.

"Coastal areas in eastern Beijing could have winds as strong as force 8," the observatory said.

The air quality will become rather terrible with the sand storm.

The wind and sand will cause the city pulluted.

Terrible sand storm!

【参考译文】

星期四，该市气象台发布了一个白色预警信号，表明该城市的天气可能在未来两天受到热带沙尘暴的影响。

北京气象台说，风暴可能袭击该市。

天文台说：“北京东部沿海地区的风力可能比8级强。”。

沙尘暴将使空气质量变得相当糟糕。

风和沙将导致城市污染。

可怕的沙尘暴!

1.There are still many problems of environmental protection in recent years. One of the most serious problems is the serious pollution of air, water and soil. the polluted air does great harm to people’s health. The polluted water causes diseases and death. What is more, vegetation had been greatly reduced with the rapid growth of modern cities.

To protect the environment, governments of many countries have done a lot. Legislative steps have been introduced to control air pollution, to protect the forest and sea resources and to stop any environmental pollution. Therefore, governments are playing the most important role in the environmental protection today.

In my opinion, to protect environment, the government must take even more concrete measures. First, it should let people fully realize the importance of environmental protection through education. Second, much more efforts should be made to put the population planning policy into practice, because more people means more people means more pollution. Finally, those who destroy the environment intentionally should be severely punished. We should let them know that destroying environment means destroying mankind themselves.

2.We can’t live without water, but now the water was polluted. It is the biggest problem. It influences our daily life. So we should find a way to solve this problem. Water is important resources. In our daily life, we often leave the tap on after cleaning hands. Sometimes we often drop litter in the river. So the water was polluted by us. I think we could use a bottle of water two or three times. We have to turn off the tap after cleaning hands.

Let’s try to form a good habit and save things around us. Let’s do it from now on!

Fish can’t live without water. Plants can’t live without water. People can’t live without water, either. As you can see, the water is very important to us. But now drinking water is leand less. The water was polluted seriously.

So we would act quickly in order to save the water, But what must we do nowI think we can plant trees, clean the banks of the river, water the plants by using used water. Turn off the shower while we are washing hair. And we shouldn’t drop litter into the river and so on.

It’s our duty to try our best to protect and save water. And don’t forget that if we don’t save water, the last drop of water will be our tear

Water is very important to us. We can’t live without water. But the drinking water is leand less. Because we waste a lot of water in our daily life. And some of us often throw rubbish into the rivers. So the rivers are polluted seriously.

It’s our duty to save water, we must do something to save water. For example, we shouldn’t pour waste water into the rivers and we should pick up litter around us.

If we don’t save water, the last drop of water will be our tear

Protection of the Environment Once man did not have to think about the protection of his environment. There were few people on the earth, and natural resources seemed to be unlimited. Today things are different. The world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources,and polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue to do this, human life on earth will not survive. We realize that if too many fish are taken from the sea, there will soon be none left. Yet,with modern fishing methods, more and more fish are caught.We know that if too many trees are cut down, forests will disappear. Yet, we continue to use powerful machines to cut down more and more trees. We see that if rivers are polluted with waste products, we will die. Yet, waste products arestill put into rivers. We know that if the population continues to rise at the present rate, in a few years, there wont be enough food.What can we do to solve these problems? If we eat more vegetables and less meat, there will be more food available. Land for crops feeds five times more people than land where animals are kept. Our natural resources will last longer if we learn to recycie them. The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth control. Finally, if we educate people to think about the problems we shall have a better and cleaner planet in the future.

As is known to us all, the surrounding has a great impact on our study and lives. In recent years, creating a green campus has been a common and popular goal for most universities or colleges. Creating a green campus has a great influence on students because most students spend their much time in campus.

However, in my opinion, to create green campus, what we need to do is not only to plant more trees and grasses to beautify our campus’s environment but also to create an energy-efficient and resource-cycled campus. Everyone on campus should be informed to form the habit of using resources properly and saving energy. In addition, the institutions should encourage students to use resources circularly.

In a word, creating a green campus needs us to make joint efforts. And we can achieve it by doing pieces of small matters in daily life, such as turning off the light when leaving.

环境日英语作文

directions:

a. title:globle shortage of fresh water

b. word limit: about 200 words

c. your composition should

be based on the outline given in chinese below:

1. 人们认为淡水是取之不尽的（提示：雨水，河水，井水）

2. 实际上淡水是短缺的（提示：人口增加，工业用水增加，污染严重）

3. 我们应当怎么办（提示：节约用水，开发新水源）

例文： global shortage of fresh water

people often think that water will never be used up. there is plenty of water, such as rain, water from the rivers and wells. it seems as if water is always available around us and we never have to worry about water shortage.

in fact water is rather limited on the earth. with the rapid increase of population and fast development of industries, water is more needed than before. at the same time, a large amount of water has been polluted and wasted every day. some big cities in china are facing the problem of water shorage already. there, water supply is controlled and industry has been restrained.

what should we do about the water shorage? i think, first, the people should be made aware of the real situation about the water. everyone should consciously save on water and certain law should be made that no water will be polluted. we have to protect the existing water resources and develop new ones. in this way i believe that our cities will not be thirsty for water in the future.

大家都知道安全是必不可少的，可你们知道吗？汽车的尾气也能损坏我们的安全。

每次出门，我都不愿意。妈妈说：“出去呼吸呼吸新鲜空气多好呀，有什么不愿意呢？”的确，以前的空气真新鲜，特别是早晨，清新的空气吸进肺里，甜丝丝的。走在路边有时还能闻到一阵阵香味。那些竞相开放、争奇斗艳的花儿，不仅美化了环境，还净化了空气。那时我和爸爸妈妈一起出门，可开心了！

可现在那？家里开着窗，河水的腐臭味就会飘进来。不管什么时候出门，马路上就是尘土飞扬，到处都灰蒙蒙的。路边的花草树木也苦着脸，没一点精神。最让人讨厌的是汽车尾气。路上的小汽车越来越多，越来越漂亮，可“屁股”后面的尾气也在成倍地增加。哪些运土的大卡车、长长的公交车、偷偷进城的农用车，他们启动、加速的时候，冒出的就像拖了一条灰黑色的长纱巾。还有慢车道上的旧摩托车，连等红绿灯时也不熄火，一个劲儿地放“毒气”弄得周围骑自行车的行人各个皱眉。这些毒气的味道真难闻呀！刚闻到的时候鼻子直痒痒，想打喷嚏。后来逐渐闻不到了，其实是闻久了变的麻木和习惯了，但钻到肺里的废气一点儿也没少。唉，这样的空气一点儿也不新鲜，出门就得戴个大口罩，谁还有兴趣啊！还不如把门窗关好，一个人在家看动画片那。

如果能都把废气，污水治理好，把环境保护好，让人们呼吸到清鲜的空气，闻到淡淡的花香，那个小朋友会不喜欢出门玩呢？

近年来我国多地雾霾天气不断增多，极大地影响了人们的健康与生活。作为环境保护的一个近期热点话题，雾霾天气符合高考考试要求，也能唤起高中生环保意识。

假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Bill来信询问你家乡是否有雾霾天气，情况如何。请按下面写一封电子邮件：

1.感谢他得关心;

2.介绍情况:(1)去年以来以发生数次雾霾天气(2)人们已认识到雾霾天气的危害，正采取各种举措减少其发生(3)你自己为此做了什么或打算做什么

要求100词

【参考范文】

Dear Bill,

I’m glad to receive your letter,thank you for your caring for the weather and my health.Now I’d like to tell you something about the smog.

Since the winter last year,the smog has occurred a lot of times.it has done great harm to our daily life.many traffic accidents happened just because of the heavy smog weather,more and more people have to go to see the doctor because the serious disease caused by the smog,quite a lot of flights have to be put off,a great number of people have to stay at home for fear of the poisonous air caused by the smog.

People have realized the great harm caused by the smog and the importance of protecting the environment.people all over the country are taking measures to reduce the smog weather.the government suggests people go to work or school with the public traffic, such as the bus and the underground.Also we should plant more trees.

According to me, I will go to school by bike or on foot, and I won’t throw the waste anywhere.in addition, I will tell the people I meet to protect the environment as possible as they can.would you like to tell me some good ideas?i’m looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Hua

写作的时候少不了需要事例，欢迎阅读环境污染事例作文哦!

在一些国家，资本家或生产单位的经济人为了追求高额利润，任意向自然界排放各种有害物质，严重污染环境，特别是大气和水源的污染，造成社会公害，引起许多疾病，使广大人民的健康和生命受到严重威胁。

对水源的污染有多种，其中“水俣病”就是举世闻名的日本公害之一。

“水俣病”于1953年首先在日本九州熊本县水俣镇发生，当时由于病因不明，故称之为水俣病。

1950年在水俣湾附近渔村中，发现一些猫步态不稳，抽筋麻痹，最后跳入水中溺死，当地人谓之“自杀猫”。

1953年水俣镇发现一个生怪病的人，开始只是口齿不清，步态不稳，面部痴呆，近而耳聋眼瞎，全身麻木，最后神经失常，一会酣睡，一会兴奋异常，身体弯弓，高叫而死。

1956年在这个地区又发现五十多人患有同样症状的病。

经过对病的调查和研究，在1962年才确定水俣病的发生是由于汞的环境污染，特别是常期食用被污染的鱼和贝类引起的甲基汞慢性中毒。

这是从水俣镇的工厂排放的氯化甲基汞污染海域，使鱼和贝类中毒造成的。

继水俣镇之后1963年，日本新泻县又有大批自杀猫、自杀狗出现。

1973年在有明海南部沿岸的有明町等地又发生了水俣病。

据报导这三次发病人数共计900多人，实际上在日本受害人数远远超过这个数字，仅水俣镇受害居民已有一万人左右。

汞俗称水银，它广泛应用于许多工业部门。

汞及其化合物都是有害物质，尤其是汞的烷基化合物的毒性更大。

汞及其化合物可以通过呼吸或消化系统进入人体污染环境的事例作文。

无机汞进入人身体后，含汞浓度最高的是肾脏和肝脏。

有机汞在人脑中蓄积最为显著，其次是肝和肾

汞中毒后的临床症状即如“水俣病”症状。

造成水污染的工业公害除汞外，还有酚、氰类、铬、砷及某些重金属盐等物质。

这些物质从工厂及科研单位排放出来，造成了严重的水污染。

从而对人类造成的危害在国内外都时有发生。

因此在发展国民经济，加快四个现代化的进程中，一定要注意保护人类赖以生存的环境，防止污染，使人类在优美、舒适的环境中生存发展。

Nowadays, a lot of environment has been seriously polluted. Now, look at the polluted environment.

The river

I was walking in the park, smell a smelly fish, the pedestrians on the road also cover your nose in one hand, with his other hand fan with bad smell, I cant stand, hurriedly to speed up the pace, I looked down and turned out to be a lot of dead fish in the river, is this why? I puzzled, and then takes a look, want to come out, must be the river has been polluted, I saw the river there are many junk "gather" talk loud talking and laughing together, so I must be the fish cant stand it, to "rest" in this harsh environment, the main or because people litter, let the water turbidity, polluted, alas! Looking at the already clear water of the river is now dark, the original lively and disorderly fish are also motionless, I have a feeling of not coming out!

air

It is a sunny day, I a person walking in the street, the road cars, buses, motorcycles, the horn is to me a son to chung, car and more up, however, pedestrians less, because the way the air became more pungent, car tail industrial waste gas, contain a variety of toxic substances, in the sunshine, will produce many harmful gases, respiratory tract have a lot of harm to human body, high incidence of respiratory disease. Why do people have bicycles? It is one of the best tools for overcoming heart disease, and cycling can also help prevent high blood pressure, sometimes more than medicine, and can prevent weight gain, hardening of the arteries and keeping the bones in half. And bikes dont emit waste gas and are healthy. Doesnt this kill two birds with one stone? So I urge people not to drive a bike only, for the whole earth more color, one less dirty!

Here, I appeal to everyone to love our home -- earth, we have only one earth, you do not love her how do she love you? So let us work together to make our home more beautiful and rich. And everyone thrifty, polite and hygienic, so that the whole earth will be more beautiful and clean! I believe that after listening to my appeal, we will all act together to make our family more beautiful, wont we?

[英语作文环境污染

Some people think that human needs for farmland, housing, and industry are more important than saving land for endangered animals. Do you agree or disagree with this point of view? Why or why not? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

In the past, there have been many endangered animals. Now they are extinct. Does it matter? Has our environment been affected by their absence? Has the quality of our own life been changed? The answer to these questions is "Yes." It does matter if we destroy an endangered species habitat to develop more farmland, housing or industrial parks. There is a delicate balance of nature. If one small part is removed, it will affect all the other parts. For example, if certain trees are cut down, bats will have no place to roost. If they cannot roost, they cannot breed. If there are no bats, there will be no animal, or bird to eat certain insects that plague our crops.Our environment has been affected by the absence of certain animals. Certain flowers are pollinated by butterflies which migrate from Canada to Mexico. Some of the breeding grounds of these butterflies were destroyed. Now these flowers are disappearing from certain areas. We will no longer be able to enjoy their beauty.The quality of our life has been changed. America used to be covered with giant trees. Now we have to visit them in one small park. Rainforests around the world are being cut down to make room for humans. We will never be able to see or study this fragile ecosystem.I would encourage us humans to look for other alternatives for our farmlands, housing, and industries. We have alternatives; the animals do not.