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427高分英语写作攻略之功能段落法
全文共 5395 字
+ 加入清单写作是最灵活的一种测试形式。写自己提前准备的表达是提分最有效的利器。下面是语文迷为大家提供的高分英语写作方法,希望对你有帮助。
“To be or not to be: that is a question。”莎士比亚如是说。冲刺阶段,背模板还是不背?我的答案:背,但绝不是盲目地背。
整篇背诵模板不是最有效的方法,因为模板的写作思路是固定的,然而很多时候试题的命题思路可能与所背模板思路不同。因此,可能导致“所背非所考”,甚至导致文不对题,生搬硬套。
但是,无论四六级写作话题如何变化,一般都对应三个或两个汉语提纲。只要按提纲要求去写相应的内容段落,就做到了紧扣主题。历年写作提纲可以总结为六种功能段落:现象描述、危害分析(弊)、原因分析、建议措施、观点阐述(观点的本质为利弊:支持方观点等于分析“利”,反方观点等于分析“弊”)、意义阐述(利)。
下面,结合近年真题展示功能段落内容:
2011-06:Online Shopping
1.现在网上购物已成为一种时尚
2.网上购物有很多好处,但也有不少问题
3.我的建议
解析:本次四级作文对应四个段落分别是:现象、观点(利、弊)和建议。该类作文可以被称之为:观点对比型作文,对比的内容重点在利弊分析上。
2010-12:How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent?
1. 目前不少父母为孩子包办一切
2. 为了让孩子独立, 父母应该……
解析:该题目只有两个提纲:现象和建议,可以添加一个功能段落:原因。这样这篇作文就是“三段论”的形式:提出问题(负面现象描述)、分析问题(原因)、建议措施段。2010年6月CET也属于该种那类型。
2009-12:Creating a Green Campus
1. 建设绿色校园很重要
2. 绿色校园不仅指绿色的环境……
3. 为了建设绿色校园,我们应该……
解析:该段对应提纲如下:意义阐述(即分析:利或好处)、现象描述(解释绿色校园环境之外的因素)、建议措施段。
综合以上分析,六种功能段落已经涵盖住了以上考试的所有提纲。因此,如果能够掌握住六种功能段落的写作实际就掌握了四六级考试写作考题的最本质特征。那样的话,无论题目如何变化,我们准备都是有的放矢的。反观,死背模板容易导致生搬硬套,甚至文不对题。
二、写作短期提分方略
在了解了四六级考试在命题特点的基础上,考生在冲刺阶段最需要准备的是两个内容:思路和表达。思路解决怎么写的问题,表达解决写什么的问题。如果拿到一个作文题目,你知道应该按照什么思路去写,又知道应该写什么表达,这篇作文就已经成功了一半。
思路点拨:在本人所讲授的基础班、强化班、精品班等不同班型上都曾讲授到现象、原因、建议、利弊、观点分析时的逻辑:“一个中心,四个基本点”。具体内容:“以孩子(学生、事件)为中心,以家长[微博](老师、相关人员)、家庭(学校、管理机构)、社会、法规(道德意识)为基本点”。
试举例说明:以2010年12月真题为例,主题为子女教育话题。谈到子女,必然涉及到家长,孩子和家长组成家庭,千千万万的家庭组成社会,是什么在维护着社会稳定?法规和道德意识。这样我们就找到了可以入手去分析的五个方面:孩子、家长、家庭、社会、法规道德意识。如何使用这五个方面?比如分析家长溺爱孩子原因时至少可以从家长意识、家庭结构变化、社会背景角度去分析。
同理,2010年6月话题为学生英语学习,可从学生自身、教师教学、学校教学政策角度去分析。那么,如果主题不是孩子也不是学生,怎么分析?2011年6月主题为网络购物,分析时就以该事件为中心,可以想到相关人或物(买方:customers/clients/shoppers;卖方:online shops/stores;中间方:支付宝、淘宝等),其管理机构(政府)、社会背景,相关法规是否健全等。
“一个中心,四个基本点”的分析逻辑形成一种立体化网状结构,考生运用该思维模式,只要能想到其中两到三点,思路问题即可迎刃而解。建议童鞋们首先将该思路背诵下来,以备将来可以在考场上灵活应用。
表达积累
表达分为四个层次:词句段篇。其中篇章层面只要按照提纲要求去组织文章即可,因此篇章方面不足为虑。段落方面按照“功能段落”的六种形式去识别,也小菜一碟。
词和句是表达的基本元素,也是语言质量的根本体现。在新东方教书的这几年中和参加四六级考试阅卷的经历中,看过无数学生的作文,深感学生词句方面能力的薄弱。同时结合过往教学中的成功案例,提出冲刺阶段表达积累的高效途径。
背写:思路+表达
很多同学考前也在背,背的滚瓜烂熟,脱口而出,觉得自己水平很牛!上了考场也顺利将文章写了出来,却得了一个很低的分数,为什么?因为单词都拼错了。冲刺阶段,请牢记:口头背诵得再好不等于能够写对。背写是提高写作和翻译唯一也是最有效的方法。
那么,背写什么内容哪?答案是思路和表达。思路上文中已有论述,遣词和造句的表达方面应该紧密结合功能段落来背诵有效句式和用词。考生不必刻意追求适用难词,但可以将常见词汇稍作替换:如,
exceedingly, extremely, intensely替换very;an army of/a great many/a host of 替换a lot of;advancement 替换 development; positive, favorable, promising(有希望的), perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior替换good; give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause; harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that替换think; beneficial, rewarding替换helpful; bear in mind that替换remember; enjoy, possess替换have; shopper, client, consumer, purchaser替换customer……
表达精彩体现在三个方面:遣词、造句、连贯。大家可以结合以下例文感受这三个方面:
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of To Help or Not to Help. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow:
1. 帮助别人是一种美德
2. 但是帮助陌生人容易使自己陷入麻烦
3. 我的看法
首段阐述意义:In contemporary society, it should be a virtue for individuals to offer help to those who are in need. Without this morality, it is impossible for the society to be named “Harmony”. Apparently enough, it is of great importance/ significance/ value/ benefits for people to help each other, especially in difficulties。
二段描述负面现象:However, a host of people find it hard or troublesome to offer helps to strangers. We have been frequently informed that(A typical example is that) a warmhearted man —who lends a hand to an old lady—gets himself in trouble. Since helping others may trigger trouble, a few people refuse to offer help timely. And if we let/allow this situation to continue as it is now, we would not know where civilized society will be in the forthcoming future。
尾段我的看法或建议:As college students, we should bear in mind this virtue. However, it is essential that regulations should be worked out to support this virtue. In addition, it is suggested that we should offer aid to strangers in a safe way, such as dialing 12o or 110 for help. If we try our utmost to do so, the future of our society/ civilization will be promising, hopeful and rosy. (以上范文字数为202词,请自己酌情删减即可)
三、冲刺复习安排建议
总体原则:先背再写、阶段总结、适当模拟。
先背再写:基础较差同学一定要先背一些功能句式和教材相关范文,然后模仿该作文的思路和表达去写。背写的目的是积累语言表达实力,同时练习书写的公正和优美。建议书写较差的考生买本英语字帖练一下书写,也许你会有意外的惊喜。
阶段总结:每过一周就要问自己几个问题:所背诵的表达可以用来写什么类型的文章?该类文章的相关词汇或表达有什么?关键词如何避免重复?请记住:没有复习,没有巩固。
适当模拟:在熟练掌握背写了六种功能段落的思路和表达之后,可以结合适当题目在写作中运用所讲所背所总结提分词汇、句式。建议大家能够灵活运用,做到一例多用。比如我在多个班上讲过的关于英语学习的话题作文,可以写13次四级考试的作文。
题目:On English Learning
提纲:1. 英语学习很重要;2. 英语者所面临的困难;3. 如何学好英语
In contemporary world, English learning has gained great popularity and it is of great significance. (主题句) Firstly, based on a survey, a majority of tourists acknowledge that they prefer to speak English when traveling around the world. (调查法表述)Secondly, compared with the poor English speakers, good English-speakers are superior in many ways. (比较模板句式)
However, English learners may have a variety of difficulties or troubles in their learning. (主题句) For example, it can be noticed that a large number of students have difficulty memorizing words. Sometimes, it is difficult for them to understand the rules of grammar. In addition, though some are good at reading or writing, they can not express themselves freely in English。
Then, how to get a good command of (学好) this language? I am convinced that practice makes perfect. Only practice can enable one to speak and write fluently. And it is also through practice that one can master the rules of grammar and remember words, and there is no other way. (强调句式)
更多相似作文
篇1:英语写作素材积累:常用成语
全文共 2014 字
+ 加入清单导语:在英语作文中,运用一些成语或者俗语能够给作文加分哦,下面是yuwenmi小编为大家整理的优秀英语素材,欢迎阅读与借鉴,谢谢!
1. 瞒天过海crossing the sea under camouflage
2. 围魏救赵relieving the state of Zhao by besieging the state of Wei
3. 借刀杀人killing someone with a borrowed knife
4. 以逸待劳waiting at one’s ease for the exhausted enemy
5. 趁火打劫plundering a burning house
6. 声东击西making a feint to the east and attacking in the west
7. 无中生有creating something out of nothing
8. 暗渡陈仓advancing secretly by an unknown path
9. 隔岸观火watching a fire from the other side of the river
10.笑里藏刀covering the dagger with a smile
11.李代桃僵palming off substitute for the real thing
12.顺手牵羊picking up something in passing
13.打草惊蛇beating the grass to frighten the snake
14.借尸还魂resurrecting a dead soul by borrowing a corpse
15.调虎离山luring the tiger out of his den
16.欲擒故纵letting the enemy off in order to catch him
17.抛砖引玉giving the enemy something to induce him to lose more valuable things
18.擒贼擒王capturing the ringleader first in order to capture all the followers
19.釜底抽薪extracting the firewood from under the cauldron
20.混水摸鱼muddling the water to catch the fish; fishing in troubled waters
21.金蝉脱壳slipping away by casting off a cloak; getting away like the cicada sloughing its skin
22.关门捉贼catching the thief by closing / blocking his escape route
23.远交近攻befriending the distant enemy while attacking a nearby enemy
24.假途伐虢attacking the enemy by passing through a common neighbor
25.偷梁换柱stealing the beams and pillars and replacing them with rotten timbers
26.指桑骂槐reviling/ abusing the locust tree while pointing to the mulberry
27.假痴不癫feigning madness without becoming insane
28.上屋抽梯removing the ladder after the enemy has climbed up the roof
29.树上开花putting artificial flowers on trees
30.反客为主turning from the guest into the host
31.美人计using seductive women to corrupt the enemy
32.空城计presenting a bold front to conceal unpreparedness
33.反间计sowing discord among the enemy
34.苦肉计deceiving the enemy by torturing one’s own man
35.连环计coordinating one stratagem with another
36.走为上decamping being the best; running away as the best choice
篇2:坚持八条英语作文的写作守则
全文共 629 字
+ 加入清单1、organize your thoughts before writing: brainstorm、make an outline、etc。 下笔前整合思绪:脑力激荡,写出纲要等。
2、write clearly。 be concise。 avoid wordiness。写作清晰,务必精简,避免赘言。
3、use good grammar and write complete sentences。 使用好的文法,写出完整句子。
4、write simple sentences。 avoid a fancy style。 尝试简单句,避免花俏的句法。
5、avoid slang、cliche and informal words。 避免俚语、陈腔滥调和非正式用字。
6、avoid use of the first person (i。e。 i/me/my) unless necessary to specific piece。除非必要,避免使用第一人称:如“我/我的”。
7、writing naturally。 read it aloud。 does it sound natural? does it flow? 自然挥洒,大声朗诵。整篇文章听起来自然吗?通顺吗?
8、move logically from one idea to the next。 dont skip steps。 上下句意要合乎逻辑。别毫无章法乱跳。
篇3:英语作文的写作方法
全文共 4581 字
+ 加入清单【导语】英语写作是中考中检测学生语言应用能力的最重要部分。提高中考写作水平,需要有效的训练。下面关于英语作文的写作方法,一起来阅读下文吧!
学生写作时,如果语句平平,只选用一些普通的、直截了当的词,那么,这样写出来的文章根本没有可阅读行,就像是一碗没有油盐酱醋面条一样,让人提不起一点精神和看下去的欲望,呆板、单调,没有可读性。如果一篇文章要让读者有可读性、有深度,同学们更应该掌握一些高级点词和语句来装饰你的文章,突出这篇文章的彩头,使文章增添文采,给读者以不一样的感受。具体方法可以参照下面的语句:
1. 画龙点睛,一篇文章的开头很重要。
在通常情况下,英语句子的排列方式为“主语+谓语+宾语”,即主语一般都会在谓语前面。但若根据情况适当改变句子的开头方式,比如在文章的开始的时候写一些倒状语句或以状语为起始语句的开头,这样子的文章更具表现力和感染力。如:
(1) There stands an old temple at the top of the hill.
→ At the top of the hill there stands an old temple.
在小山顶上有一座古庙。
(2) You can do it well only in this way.
→ Only in this way can you do it well.
只有这样你才能把它做好。
(3) A young woman sat by the window.
→ By the window sat a young woman.
窗户边坐着一个年轻妇女。
2. 避免重复使用同一词语
为了使表达更生动,更富表现力,同学们在写作时应尽量避免重复使用同一词语来表示同一意思,尤其是一些老生常谈的词语。如有的同学一看到“喜欢”二字,就会立刻想起like,事实上,英语中表示类似意思的词和短语很多,如 love, enjoy, prefer, appreciate, be fond of, care for等。如:
I like reading while my brother likes watching television.
→ I like reading while my brother enjoys watching television.
我喜欢看书,而我的兄弟却喜欢看电视。
3. 合理使用省略句
合理恰当地使用省略句,不仅可以使文章精练、简洁,而且会使文章更具文采和可读性。如:
(1) He may be busy. If he’s busy, I’ll call later. If he is not busy, can I see him now?
→ He may be busy. If so, I’ll call later. If not, can I see him now?
他可能很忙,要是这样,我以后再来拜访。要是不忙,我现在可以见他吗?
(2) If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If it is not fine, we’ll not go.
→ If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If not, not.
如果天气好,我们就去;如果天气不好,我们就不去了。
(3) She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t do so.
→ She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t.
她本可申请这份工作的,但她没有。
4. 适当运用非谓语结构
非谓语结构通常被认为是一种高级结构,适当运用非谓语结构,会给人一种熟练驾驭语言的印象。如:
(1) When he heard the news, they all jumped for joy.
→ Hearing the news, they all jumped for joy.
听了这消息他们都高兴得跳了起来。
(2) As I didn’t know her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.
→ Not knowing her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.
由于不知道她的地址,我没法和她联系。
(3) As he was born into a peasant family, he had only two years of schooling.
→ Born into a peasant family, he had only two years of schooling.
他出生农民家庭,只上过两年学。
5. 结合使用长句与短句
在英语写作中,过多地使用长句或过多地使用短句都不好。正确的做法是,根据实际情况在文章中交替使用长句与短语,使文章显得错落有致,这样不仅使文章在形式上增加美感,而且使文章读起来铿锵有力。如:
At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. Then we had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and danced. Some told stories. Some played chess.
→ At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing, telling jokes and playing chess.
中午我们晒着太阳吃野餐。休息一会儿后,我们唱的唱歌,跳的跳舞,还有的讲笑话、下棋,大家玩得很开心。
6. 适当使用短语代替单词
(1) He has decided to be a teacher when he grows up.
→ He has made up his mind to be a teacher when he grows up.
他已决定长大了当老师。
(2) He doesnt like music.
→ He doesnt care much for music.
他不大喜欢音乐。
(3) He told me that the question was now under discussion.
→ He told me that the question was now being discussed.
他告诉我问题现正正在讨论中。
7. 恰当套用某些固定表达
(1) He was very tired. He couldn’t walk any farther.
→ He was too tired to walk any farther.
他太累了,不能再往前走了。
(2) The film was very interesting. Both the teachers and the students liked it.
→ The film was so interesting that both the teachers and the students liked it.
这电影很有趣,学生和老师都很喜欢。
(3) Your son is old. He can look after himself now.
→ Your son is old enough to look after himself now.
你的儿子已经长大,可以自己照顾自己了。
8. 尽量使句子带点“洋味”
(1) Dont worry. Be bold and try it, and youll learn it soon.
→Dont worry. Just go for it, and youll get it soon.
别担心,大胆试一试,你很快就会学会的。
(2) Thank you for playing with us.
→Thank you for sharing the time with us.
谢谢你陪我玩。
9. 综合使用各类所谓的“高级”结构
(1) Now everyone knows the news. I think Jim must have let it out.
→ Now everyone knows the news. I think it must have been Jim who has let it out.
现在人人都知道这消息了,我想一定是吉姆把它泄露出去的。
(2) We had to stand there to catch the offender.
→ What we had to do was (to) stand there, trying to catch the offender.
我们所能做的只是站在那儿,设法抓住违章者。
(3) If her pronunciation is not better than her teacher’s, it is at least as good as her teacher’s.
→ Her pronunciation is as good as, if not better than, her teacher’s.
如果她的语音不比她的老师好的话,至少也不会比她老师的差。
10. 适当使用名言警句点缀
在写作时根据实际情况恰当地用上一两句名言警句来点缀文章,不仅使文章显得有深度、有智慧,而且会让文章在评分中上一个“得分档次”。如:
(1) As the proverb says, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” Though you fail this time, you needn’t lose heart. As long as you work hard and stick to your dream, you will succeed one day.
(2) There is a proverb goes like this “Life isn’t a bed of roses.” It is ture that it is likely for everyone to meet problems and difficulties in life.
(3) In the modern world, more and more people live alone, which is not so good for our life. It is better for us to make more friends and enjoy friendship. Just as a proverb says, “A near friend is better than a far-dwelling kinsman.”
篇4:2024英语应用文写作基础大全
全文共 15524 字
+ 加入清单一、LETTER(书信)
书信通常由信头、信内地址、称呼、正文、谦称和签名六个部分构成。
1.从信纸中偏右处向右写发信人的地址和写信日期。由小到大,分数行书写,同一行的两部分之间用逗号隔开。顺序为:门牌号→楼号→街名→城镇名→省名→邮政编码→国名(在寄往国外时)。美国人常采用左边开头式;英国人常采取每行逐渐向右缩进式。注意要把地址写在上面,日期写在下面,每个词的首字母要大写。日期的写法与日记中日期写法相同。
2.从信纸的左上方比信头(发信人的地址和写信日期)低1—2行处顶格写收信人姓名、地址,常采用齐头式,姓名在上,地址在下,写法同发信人地址。若是私人信函,这一部分可省略不写。
3.称呼要从信纸左边顶格写起,其位置低于信头和信内地址。对不熟悉的女性用Dear Madam,Dear Ladies,作称呼语;对不熟悉的男性用Dear Sir,Dear Sirs,作称呼语;对所熟悉的人用Dear Tom,Dear Mary,即:在Dear后直写其名作称呼语;对有地位头衔的人用“Dear+ 头衔+姓”作为称呼语,如:Dear Editor Kang,Dear Doctor Li,Dear Professor Zhao,对一般人用Dear Mr Lin,Dear Ms Li,Dear Miss Liu。即:在Dear后加尊称加姓氏作为称呼语。美国人在称呼语后用冒号,英国人用逗号。
4.正文是信的主体。一般在称呼下一行顶格写起,从第二段起,在起首处空4—6个字母的距离。书信可根据表达的需要,灵活选用时态。起首语常用:(1)Your letter came to me this afternoon.(2)Im very glad to receive your letter.(3)Your letter reached me yest erday.(4)I have the pleasure to tell you that…(5)Im glad to tell you that…(6) I was shocked to learn that…(7)Thank you for writing to me.(8)Thanks for your lett er .It was lovely to hear from you.结束语常用:(1)Please remember me to…(2)With be st wishes to your family.(3)I wish to inform you that…(4)Please write soon.(5)I m ust stop writing now,as I have rather a lot of work to do.(6)Wish you the best of s uccess.(7)Wish you the best of health.(8)Give my best wishes to …
5.结尾的谦称是在正文下面,信纸中间偏右所写的客套语。第一个字母要大写,末尾用逗号。北美洲的国家常把yours放在后边,欧洲国家常把yours放在前边。写给上级、长者、位尊者常用:Yours respectfully,Respectfully yours,Yours,Very respectfully,Yours sincerely,Sincerely yours;写给不认识的人时常用:Yours truly,Yours faithfully;写给朋友时常用:Yours lovely;Yours,Yours ever;写给亲属和挚友时常用:Your loving daughter,Your loving son,Yours,Yours affectionately.
6.签名一般写在谦称下一行偏右,使尾字母与谦称尾字母对齐。
7.范文请参阅:NMET1995书面表达;JEFCⅡ-Unit 16;SEFC1A-Unit 1。
8.书信除按以上格式书写之外,现在英美人士常把书信的六个部分,按照顺序一律从信纸左边顶格写完六个部分,且用的人越来越多。
二、DIARY(日记)
日记是用来记述一天生活中发生的重要事情及感受的文体。
1.在纸的左上角顶格写星期和日期。星期在左,常用Sunday,Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,T hursday,Friday,Saturday。日期在右,美国人习惯上先写月,再写日,最后写年。如:October 20,1998。英国人习惯上先写日,再写月,最后写年;如:20 June 1998。
2.在纸的右上角写天气。表示天气情况时常用Bright,Clear,Sunny,Fine(晴);Cloudy(多云);Rainy(雨);Overcast(阴);Foggy(雾);Windy(风);Hot(热);Haily(冰雹);Sh ower(阵雨);Warm(暖和);Thundering(雷雨);Snowy(雪);Fog(雾)。
3.日记的小标题写在第二行,也可省略。
4.正文第一段常顶格书写,也可不顶格写。日记记述的是当天或前一天发生过的事情,所以,日记常用一般过去时写。
5.若要表达自己的感受、想法,针对某件事发表议论,进行说理,或者为了抒情、描景写人生动,则用一般现在时。
6.范文请参阅:JEFCⅡ-Unit 27;SEFC1A-Unit 14;SEFC1A《同步听力》p.49;NMET1992和N MET1998书面表达;JEFCⅢ-Unit 23。
三、CARDS OF CONGRATULATION(贺卡)
贺卡是逢年过节,向亲朋好友表示祝贺的最方便的方式。贺卡可分为圣诞卡、贺年卡、教师节贺卡及纪念日卡等等,写法格式通常有两种。一种由称呼、贺词、祝贺人签名三部分构成 ,另一种用短信代替卡片。
1.称呼是指祝贺人对受贺人的称呼,一般从卡片的左上方写起。常用:To dear+受贺人称谓,To+受贺人称谓,也可以省略前边的to,称呼后用逗号。如:To dear teacher,Mr and Mrs Mike
2.贺词是向受贺人表达良好祝愿的话。一般写在称呼下一行,句首可与称呼语齐头,也可以向右空出4—6个字母。写贺年片时常用:(1)May the New Year be a happy one for you all!(2)Best wishes to the four of you for a prosperous and Happy New Year!(3)Happy New Year to you!(4)A Happy New Year!(5)Wish to see more of you next year!(6)Best wishes for a bright New Year!(7)Youll have a very Happy New Year!(8)Let me wish you and your family a Happy and Healthy New Year!(9)I do hope this finds you well with a Happy New Year ahead!(10)I wish you the Happiest Possible New Year!写教师节贺卡时常用:(1)Happy Teachers Day!(2)Good Luck!(3)Best wishes!(4)We hope youll have a very happy year in our class.(5)Thank you for teaching us so well.(6)With our best wishes for TeachersDay.(7)Hope you are having a very Pleasant Day.(8)Hope it will bring you Good Health and Happiness.(9)I am thinking of you often.(10)All my family joins me in wishing you health and happiness.写圣诞卡时常用:(1)A Merry Christmas!(2)I wish you a Merry Christmas!(3)Hope you have a very Good Christmas!( 4)May this Christmas be your Merriest!(5)We send our love to all of you and the hope that youll have a Merry Christmas!(6)Hope youll have a very merry Christmas!( 7) Merry Christmas!(8)A merry Christmas to you.(9)A Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year!(10)Best wishes to you for a Prosperous and Merry Christmas!写生日贺卡时常用:(1)Happy birthday to you!(2)Happy birthday!(3)With Best Wishes for a Happy Brithday!
3.祝贺人签名一般写在贺卡的右下方,把from常常加在姓名前,也可以省略from。如:From your student Liu Zhong,From Mr and Mrs White,Your loving son Lei,Your students,
4.贺卡也可以用短信形式书写,在逢年过节或者特别纪念日,把贺词连同你的近况等写成短信,寄给亲朋好友。
范文请参阅:JEFCⅠ-99;JEFCⅢ-Unit 1;JEFCⅢp.97。
四、NOTICE(通知)
通知又称通告或布告,是上级对下级、组织对成员部署工作、传达事情、召开会议所使用的一种文体。
1.通知的第一行正中写发出通知的单位名称,发出通知的单位名称还可以写在正文下方的右侧,也可以把单位省略不写。
2.把NOTICE写在正文上方正中的位置。
3.正文是通知的内容,是通知的主体。要简明扼要地把通知的对象、事由、时间、地点及内容写清楚,语言应简洁明了,条理清晰,要求明确,常用一般现在时和一般将来时写。
4.在正文下方的左侧写出通知的日期,日期也可省略不写。
5.广播通知和口头通知,在开头要用称呼语,常用的称呼语有:(1)Boys and Girls,(2)De ar friends,(3)Ladies,(4)Dear ladies,(5)Gentlmen,(6)Ladies and gentlmen,(7)Comrades,常把称呼语从左侧顶格书写,在后面用逗号或冒号。
6.常用的正文开头用语有:(1)May I have your attention,please?(2)Attention,please !I have something to tell you.(3)Attention,please!I have an announcement to make.(4)Attention,please!I have good news for you all.(5)Attention please,everyone!
7.常用的正文结尾用语有:(1)Thats all!Thank you!(2)Please be there on time.(3)E ver yone is welcome.(4)Dont be late,will you?(5)Thank you for your attention.(6)Don t be late!(7)Dont forget,will you?(8)We must get there on time.(9)I hope all of you will have a good time.
8.在正文中常用的句式有:(1)It has been decided that well visit…(2)We have dec ided that well pay a visit to…(3)Well have a talk from…to…(4)Professor Liu will give us a talk on…(5)The football star will give us a lecture on…(6)You are r equired to come on time.(7)A lecture will be given by….(8)There will be a visit to …(9)A talk will be given by…(10)I’m sure well learn a lot of things from it. (11)It will be given in…(12)Youd better take your valuables with you.
9.范文请参阅:SEFC1A-Unit 6;NMET1989高考书面表达答案;NMET1994高考书面表达答案。
五、MESSAGE(留言条)
留言条是转达事情所使用的一种便条。
1.若拿起电话听筒,对方要找的人未在场时,你可以签写一张留言条。正中上方写TELEPHONE MESSAGE,在左边的“From”:后签对方的姓名,在右边的“To”:后签要找的人的姓名,在左边的 “Date”:后写接电话的日期,在右边的“Time”:后写接电话的时间。在“Message”:后写所要通知的事情,这部分是主体,写清人物、时间、地点和事由。在右下边的Signature:后签写留言条人的姓名。
2.留言条也可以把“FROM:”、“TO:”、“DATE:”、“MESSAGE:”按顺序从上到下顶格齐头排列,把“TIME:”写在“DATE:”的后边,省略“SIGNATURE:”。
3.在MESSAGE:后常写的句式有:(1)He wants to see you as soon as possible.(2)He w ould like to meet you…(3)Be sure to call…(4)She wants to meet…
4.若要找某人安排工作、通知会议等,当要找的人不在时,写一张内容简短的书信,右上边写日期,第二行从左边顶格写称呼,第三行从左边起写正文,在正文右下方签名。
5.范文请参阅:JEFCⅢ-Unit 10。
六、WRITTEN REQUEST FOR LEAVE(请假条)
请假条是日常生活和工作中,临时遇到一些事情或因生病等需要请假,给主管部门的负责人所写的简便字据。格式与书信格式大致相同,在纸的第一行右边写请假日期,在第二行左边顶格写称呼语,称呼语后用逗号。在第三行左边起首处空4—6个字母的距离,开始写正文。内容、事由、时间写清就行。在正文下偏右处写谦称,在谦称下写姓名。
1.写请假条时常用语有:(1)Im sorry I cant come to school because…(2)My grandm ot her is seriously ill. There is no one at home…(3)I have got a high fever and cough badly…(4)Im writing to ask for sick leave of one day.(5)I cant go to school be cause I have got a cold.(6)Please give an extension of leave for two days.(7)I have to go to Xian tomorrow because…(8)I have got things to do this afternoon.Im writing to ask for leave…(9)I want to ask for…leave.
2.若请病假,常在假条后附医生建议书。
七、POSTAL TELEGRAM(电报)
电报是与外地进行紧急通讯交流的有效手段,是准确传递信息的有效途径,是一种对文字力求精炼、准确与简明的文体。
1.正上方的空白栏由邮局营业员填写。如:报费、流水号码、记账号码、原来号码、发出时间、营业员、值机员、报类、字数、发出局名和日期时间。
2.电文第一行在左边顶格写称呼,常直呼其名,一般要大写,不要标点符号。
3.电文第二行和第三行写收报人的地址。
4.从第四行左边顶格写正文,正文全文都用大写字母,有时也可以把各词的第一个字母大写。一般只写实词,虚词常常省略。电文控制在10个字以内最为节约。
5.电文中常用动词不定式表示要求对方行动,用现在分词表示自己的行为。
6.常用电文有:(1)Send Money Soon〈速汇款〉(2)Arriving Home Safely(3)Best Wishes on Your Birthday〈谨贺生日愉快〉(4)Mother Illness Critical Return Soonest〈母病危速归〉(5)Unable Return Sunday Giving Date Later(6)Urgent Business Return Immediately(7)Send if Found Bag(8)Why Unmoney(9)Arriving 9∶00 Morning Can You Meet(10)Express Sorrow For Your Mothers Death〈惊闻令堂仙逝不胜悲痛〉
7.在正文右下方署名。
八、CERTIFICATE OF MERIT(奖状)
奖状是给获胜者及取得显著成绩的工作者所颁发的荣誉证明。
1.在奖状正中上方用大写字母写CERTIFICATE OF MERIT。
2.在奖状左上方顶格写To及获奖者姓名,姓名后用逗号。
3.在姓名下右边空4—6个字母处开始写获奖原由。
4.把发奖单位写在原由下左边,注意要顶格写,各单词首字母要大写。
5.把发奖日期写在发奖单位下边,注意要从左边顶格写起。
6.范文:
CERTIFICATE OF MERIT
To Zhao Xin,
In the English competition of this year,you have won remarkable success. For enc ouragement this certificate is hereby given.
Guanshan Middle School
November 10,1999
九、WELCOMING SPEECH(欢迎词)
欢迎词是在接待客人等正式场合中使用的一种文体。一般由称呼语、正文和结束语构成。正文中对客人的来访表示欢迎,简介客人情况并向客人作自我介绍,概括叙述所要从事的活动。主题要写明确,感情真挚;条理要清;语言力求通俗、简洁、准确。
1.称呼语写在第一行左边,顶格书写。客人是人时常用:(1)Dear Miss…(2)Dear Mr…(3) Dea r Mrs…(4)Dear sir,(5)Dear Madame,(6)Dear…客人是多人时常用:(1)Dear comrades,( 2)Dear friends,(3)Dear ladies,(4)Dear gentlemen,(5)Ladies and gentlemen,(6)Boys and girls,(7)Dear comrades and friends,
2.写正文时常用句式有:(1)We thank you for your accepting our invitation to come here.(2)You are warmly welcome to our…(3)First of all,Ill introduce our…to you. (4)Now our friend is going to give us a talk on…(5)We hope you will have a nice time during your stay here.(6)I hope you will enjoy yourself.(7)Id like to express our thanks for your coming…(8)Now let me invite our friends to speak to us.(9) We feel very much honoured to have a chance to get together with…(10)First of all , on behalf of all present here,allow me to give our warm welcome to our distingui shed guest.
3.结束语写在正文下,从左边空4—6个字母的距离处写起。常用语有:“Thank you!”“Le ts welcome…to speak to us.”;“I wish you have a good time.”;“Let us invite …to speak to us.”
十、FOUND(招领启事)
招领启事是一种公告性的应用文。由日期、启事正文、拾物人姓名构成。
1.在纸正上方中间写FOUND。
2.在右上方写日期。
3.在左边空4—6个字母的距离处起首写正文。常用句式有:(1)A wallet was left in the … (2)Will the owner pleasering…(3)I happened to find…(4)Loser is expect to come to…(5)I found…on…
4.拾物人姓名署在右下角。
5.范文请参阅:SEFC1B-Unit 18。
十一、LOST(寻物启事)
寻物启事一般由标题、正文、结束语及署名构成,是一种公告性的文体。
1.在纸的正中上方写标题LOST。
2.正文从左边写起,写清丢失物名、丢失时间、丢失地点,描述物品特征及联系方式。写正文时常用的句式有:(1)A bag with a wallet, left in…(2)I lost…(3)Will the finder please come to…(4)On…,I lost…with…(5)At…I left my…in…
3.在正文右下方用感谢语作结束语。
4.寻物人姓名署在左下角。
5.范文请参阅:SEFC1B-Unit 18。
十二、BILL(单据)
单据包括借条、收条和领条。是日常生活中向别人因手续上的需要而写的简短凭证。单据应写明事情和与事情相关的原因、人称、地点、时间和数量。
1.在单据左上方写日期。
2.在单据右顶格写“To+所借物主姓名”,另起一格写“I owe you+物品名称only”,常用 “I.O.U”代替“I owe you.”。
3.在左下角写借物人姓名。
4.领条和收条常在日期下一格右边空4—6个字母的距离处起首写Received from+姓名…。在右下方写收件人姓名及单位,在单位前常加For。
5.范文:
(1)借条
November 20,1999
To Zhang Ping
I.O.U.one hundred yuan(¥100)only.
Chang Ming
(2)收条
November 10,1999
Received from Li Hua 500 yuan for tuition.
Qiao Hongsheng
十三、INTRODUCTION OF CHARACTERS(人物介绍)
人物介绍是把某人的性格特征、工作业绩及爱憎感情通过报刊杂志进行宣传的文件。
1.把标题写在纸上方正中位置。
2.介绍人物的生平和事迹按照事情发生的先后顺序描写。一般按出生、童年、事业与兴趣、成绩等安排材料。
3.介绍人物时的常用句式有:(1)Charle Chaplin is considered one of the greatest and funniest actors in the history of the cinema.(2)He was born in London in 1889.(3)At the age of eight, he joined a group of child dancers.(4)As early as his second film, Chaplin had developed his own manner of acting, the one that was to become world?famous.(5)Mart in Luther King,Jr., who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964,was an important political leader in the USA.(6)He had fair hair and blue eyes.(7)Joe Hill was a tall,thin,good?looking man.(8)She was a young woman who was studying art.(9)He became famous for his new theory.(10)We regard Ding Ding as our model.(11)People spoke highly of her and all respeced her.(12)She is fond of art. (13)He was interested in the theory.(14)One of the pioneers of farming was Jia Sixie.(15)When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas.
4.范文请参阅:JEFCⅢ-Unit 11;SEFC1A-Unit 13;SEFC1B-Unit 24;SEFC2A-Unit 5;SEFC2B -Unit 13;SEFC2B-Unit 19。
十四、INSTRUCTION(须知)或(说明)
须知是日常生活中,安排工作时要求工作人员应明确的事项及应注意的问题所应用的一种文体。
1.把标题一般写在纸的上方正中,每个字母均要大写,也可以把标题从上方左边顶格书写,字母大字。
2.正文常用数词标明,逐条写明应明确的事项和应注意的问题,条理要清楚,内容要准确,解释要科学、客观。
3.正文还可以从左边顶格起首分层次叙述。
4.正文常用句式是祈使句和简单句。
5.范文请参阅:JEFCⅢ-Unit 18;SEFC1B-Unit 16。
十五、RÉSUMÉ(履历表)
履历表是个人对自己的姓名、身份、学历和经历等情况作自我介绍时所填写的表格。
1.表格上方正中写有RÉSUMÉ。
2.表中项目从左边顶格依次向下排列。在“Name in Full:”后填姓名,在“Date of Birt h:”后填出生年月日,在“Place of Birth:”后填出生地点,在“Education:”后填学历,分时段填明,在“Permanent Address:”后填永久通讯地址,在“Health:”后填健康状况,在“Sex:”后填性别,在“Marital Status:”后填婚姻状况,在“Honours and Awards: ”后填受奖情况,在“Working Experience:”后填工作简历。
3.填写原则是客观、准确。
4.范文请参阅NMET1996书面表达答案。
十六、FAREWELL SPEECH(欢送词)
欢送词是欢送客人时的致辞。一般由称呼语、正文和结束语构成。
1.称呼语从纸上方第一行左边顶格起首。若欢送的是一个人,常用“Dear Mr…,”;“Dear Miss…,”;“Dear Doctor…,”;“Dear Mrs…”等等。若欢送的人多,常用“Dear friends,”;“Dear ladies and gentlemen,”;“Dear comrades and friends,”;“Dear boys and girls”等等。
2.正文在称呼语下,从左边空出4—6个字母的距离处起首。常用句式有(1)Today we gather here to have a send?off meeting.(2)Dr.Ge is going to leave his post and return to Xian.(3)He is loved and respected by us all.(4)We thank him very much for his wo nderful work.(5)We hope youll have a nice time.(6)Miss Di will leave for Beijing.(7)We wish her a pleasant journey and good health.(8)May the friendship between our two cities last for ever.(9)Well take this chance to ask Mr White to convey our friendship to the British people.(10)We are happily gathered here to give Professor Kang a warm send?off.(11)To our great joy, we are gathered here to give Mr Smith a warm seeing?off.(12)We will give a warm send?off to Miss Li going to visit Xian.(13)Dr Zhang is going to leave for home today.(14)Professor Lius visit to Xian is short but very successful.(15)In saying good?bye to him,we sincerely hope that hell have a good health.
3.结束语常另起一行,在正文下用“Thank you!”等表示谢意。
十七、POSTER(海报)
海报是向公众作广告宣传的文体。内容包括节目表、影讯、报告会、联欢会、球讯等。
1.节目表常在正上方用大写名称,在左边写Items, Items下方逐一列出节目名称,右边写P erformed by,并在下方逐一列出表演者。
2.节目表常用语有:(1)Solo:(独唱)(2)Chorus:(合唱)(3)Folk song:(民歌)(4)Comic dialogue:(相声)(5)Skit:(短剧)(6)Folk dance:(民间舞蹈)(7)Ballet:(芭蕾)(8)Peacock Dance:(孔雀舞)。
3.影讯常在正上方中间写Film Show;从左边写Name of the film:冒号右边写上上映的片名,如:Laugh Laugh Laugh;在左边另起一行写“Time”:冒号右边写映出时间,如:October 10,10∶00 PM;从左边另起一格写“Place:”冒号右边写上映地点,如:Peoples Cinema.在“Face:”后写票价;在“Ticket Office:”后写售票地点。
4.球讯常在正上方中间写“Basketball Match”;“Football Match”;“Friendly Basket ball Match”等,有时在上边写有“POSTER”。在第二行中间写比赛队名称,如:ClassⅡ vs .ClassⅢ(注:vs.=versus对);在第三行左边顶格写“Time:”,在后写比赛时间,如:6∶00 PM.Monday;在第四行左边写“Place:”在后写比赛地点。球讯也可以在醒目的标题下 ,用简炼文字叙述清比赛队名、时间、地点等,在右下方写明举办单位,在左下方顶格写出海报的日期。
5.报告会常在海报正上方中间写“Talk”,从第二行左边顶格起首写“Speaker:”在后边写报告人姓名;第三行顶格写“Subject:”在后边写报告的专题名称;第四行顶格写“Time :”后边写清具体时间,第五行顶格写“Place:”后边写报告会地点。
6.联欢会、报告会、音乐会主持人常用语有:(1)The program is about to begin.(2)Att ention,please?(3)Ladies and gentlemen,may I have your attention,please?(4)Have your seat,everyone.(5)We heartly welcome…to join in our party.(6)We are very much honoured to have many teachers as our guests.Among them are…(7)Now the concert begins.(8)Now the talk begins.Take your seat,everyone.(9)No more talking,please.
十八、INVITATIONS(请柬)
请柬是正式社交场合采用的简短邀请信函。
1.第一行正中是邀请人的姓名;第二行常写request the pleasure of(恭请…光临);第三行写被邀请人姓名;第四行写活动内容;第五行写日期;第六行写时间;第七行写地点,第八行在左边顶格写R.S.V.P(请赐回音;请答复)在右下边可以写上电话号码。
2.请柬还可以用文字叙述清楚内容。复函时常在上方正中写“Accepting the above Invit ation”,在第二行右边写复函日期;在第三行左边顶格起首写称呼语,从第四行起写正文,格式与书信相同,右下角为谦称。
十九、PLACE OF INTRODUCTION(地点介绍)
地点介绍是对某一地方的自然环境、现在、过去及未来的情况进行描述,向大众展示该地区风貌的文体。
1.写地点介绍时,把标题写在正上方。
2.描写常按照空间位置,由近及远依次描写,也可以先总体描述后局部描述,描写时要抓住中心点和特色。叙述不同时间发生的事情要用不同的时态,用好被动语态和there be 句型。
3.地点介绍常用的句式有(1)Its to the north of England.(2)Its in the east of Shaanxi.(3)Its on the west of Shaanxi.(4)It lies south of France.(5)The city is separated by the river.(6)It is made up of four buildings.(7)It is famous for its beautiful countryside.(8)The city lies on the river.(9)It is divided into two parts.(10)The weather here is neither too cold in winter nor too hot in summer.(11)They lived mainly on potatoes.(12)The library was set up in 1997.(13)Our school has a library with books,newspapers and magazines.(14)The house used to be a temple.(15)Mountain Li is famous for its beauty.(16)It is a place where the famous men can spend their spare time.(17)In front of it is a garden.(18) In the middle of the city stands a bell tower.(19)It covers a n area 2578 square kilometers with a population of 1.26 million.(20)There are three famous parks in and around the city.
4.范文请参阅:SEFC1A-Unit 22,MET1990高考书面表达参考答案。
二十、SAFETY IN THE HOME(家庭安全公约)
家庭安全公约是家庭每个成员必须去做的成文规定。
1.在正中或从左边顶格写SAFETY IN THE HOME。
2.从第2行左边顶格起首向下依次写“POISONS:”、“FIRES:”、“ELECTRICITY:”、“GAS FIRES:”、“COOKING:”、“LADDERS:”、“WATER:”、“THINGS IN MOUTH: ”,在各栏目后用 祈使句写清务必要做到的事项。
3.范文请参阅:SEFC2A-Unit 8。
篇5:英语说明文写作要点
全文共 401 字
+ 加入清单说明文是阐述事物的特征、本质、性能、结构、用途或科学原理的一种文体。其说明的对象可以是具体的,如:自然环境,仪表设备等;也可以是抽象的,如概念定律等。
说明文的写作相对于论说文来说,有一定的套路可循,因此不是十分复杂。说明科技方面的内容常用定义法、比较对比法、分类法、因果法等;说明自然环境方面的内容常用时间次序法、分类法等。当然,随着对象的不同,具体应该采用的方法也会有所不同。
说明文的写作应该注意的事项有下面几点:
1.语言简明扼要,通俗易懂,避免夸张华丽的辞藻,要把真实的一面展现在读者面前。
2.说明时一定要把握一个中心主题。说明文中细枝末节较多,但不能喧宾夺主。
3.说明的次序非常重要。合理的次序会使文章条理清楚,脉络明晰。因此,练习时可以尝试不同的次序进行写作,找出最合理的一种。
4.由于说明文写实性较强,有时难免会让人感到没有生气。因此,可以适当使用一些比喻、拟人等修辞手段,来增加文章的色彩。
篇6:英语写作素材积累:名人名言
全文共 10056 字
+ 加入清单名人名言,指为人类发展做出贡献的,富有知识的名人所说的能够让人懂得道理的一句较为出名的话,也是我们常用的写作素材。下面是语文迷整理的有关励志、梦想、坚持的名人名言,希望对你有帮助。
一、励志名人名言
1、All things in their being are good for something.
天生我才必有用。
2、Difficult circumstances serve as a textbook of life for people.
困难坎坷是人们的生活教科书。
3、Failure is the mother of success.——Thomas Paine
失败乃成功之母。
4、For man is man and master of his fate.
人就是人,是自己命运的主人。
5、The unexamined life is not worth living.——Socrates
混混噩噩的生活不值得过。——苏格拉底
6、None is of freedom or of life deserving unless he daily conquers it anew.——Erasmus
只有每天再度战胜生活并夺取自由的人,才配享受生活的自由。
7、Our destiny offers not the cup of despair, but the chalice of opportunity. So let us seize it, not in fear, but in gladness.——R.M. Nixon
命运给予我们的不是失望之酒,而是机会之杯。因此,让我们毫无畏惧,满心愉 悦地把握命运。——尼克松
8、Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.——John Ruskin
生活没有目标,犹如航海没有罗盘。-- 罗斯金
9、What makes life dreary is the want of motive.——George Eliot
没有了目的,生活便郁闷无光。——乔治·埃略特
10、Towering genius disdains a beaten path. It seeks regions hitherto unexplored.——Lincoln
卓越的天才不屑走旁人走过的路。他寻找迄今未开拓的地区。
11、There is no such thing as a great talent without great will - power.——Balzac
没有伟大的意志力,便没有雄才大略。——巴尔扎克
12、The good seaman is known in bad weather.
惊涛骇浪,方显英雄本色。(励志名言)
13、Fear not that the life shall come to an end, but rather fear that it shall never have a beginning.——J.H. Newman
不要害怕你的生活将要结束,应该担心你的生活永远不会真正开始。——纽曼
14、Gods determine what youre going to be.——Julius Erving
人生的奋斗目标决定你将成为怎样的人。——欧文
15、An aim in life is the only fortune worth finding.——Robert Louis Stevenson
生活的目标,是唯一值得寻找的财富。-- 史蒂文森
16、While there is life there is hope.
一息若存,希望不灭。——英国谚语
17、Try not to become a man of success but rather try to become a man of value.——A. Einstein
不要为成功而努力,要为做一个有价值的人而努力。——爱因斯坦
18、You have to believe in yourself. Thats the secret of success.——Charles Chaplin
人必须有自信,这是成功的秘密。——卓别林
19、Pursue your object, be it what it will, steadily and indefatigably.
不管追求什么目标,都应坚持不懈。
20、We must accept finite disappointment, but we must never lose infinite hope.——Mattin Luther King
我们必须接受失望,因为它是有限的,但千万不可失去希望,因为它是无穷的。——马丁·路德·金
21、Energy and persistence conquer all things.——Benjamin Franklin
能量加毅力可以征服一切。——富兰克林
22、Nothing seek, nothing find.
无所求则无所获。
23、Cease to struggle and you cease to live.——Thomas Carlyle
生命不止,奋斗不息。——卡莱尔
24、A thousand-li journey is started by taking the first step.
千里之行,始于足下。
25、Strength alone knows conflict, weakness is below even defeat, and is born vanquished.——Swetchine
只有强者才懂得斗争;弱者甚至失败都不够资格,而是生来就是被征服的。——斯威特切尼
26、The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for circumstances they want, and if they cannot find them, make them.——Bernara Shaw
在这个世界上取得成就的人,都努力去寻找他们想要的机会,如果找不到机会, 他们便自己创造机会。——萧伯纳
27、A strong man will struggle with the storms of fate.——Thomas Addison
强者能同命运的风暴抗争。——爱迪生
28、He who seize the right moment, is the right man.——Goethe
谁把握机遇,谁就心想事成。——歌德
29、Victory wont come to me unless I go to it.——M.Moore
胜利是不会向我们走来的,我必须自己走向胜利。——穆尔
30、Man struggles upwards; water flows downwards.
人往高处走,水往低处流。
二、梦想的名言名言
1、every life is a boat, the dream is the boat sail.每个人的生命都是一只小船,梦想是小船的风帆。
2、it is difficult to say what is impossible, for the dream of yesterday, today is the hope, but also can become tomorrow’s reality.很难说什么是办不到的事情,因为昨天的梦想,可以是今天的希望,并且还可以成为明天的现实。
3、to me, they hide in the depths of your soul; be a distant dream, every dream will exceed your goal.努力向上吧,星星就躲藏在你的灵魂深处;做一个悠远的梦吧,每个梦想都会超越你的目标。
4、how far you go in life depends on your being tender with the young, compassionate with the aged, sympathetic with the striving and tolerate of the weak and the strong. because someday in life you will have been all of this.你的生活深度取决于你对年幼者的呵护,对年长者的同情,对奋斗者的怜悯体恤,对弱者及强者的包容。因为生命中总有一天你会发现其中每一个角色你都扮演过。(乔治·华盛顿)
5、most of the time, our rich pocket, but poor head; we have a dream, but the lack of thought.很多时候,我们富了口袋,但穷了脑袋;我们有梦想,但缺少了思想。
6、the ideals which have lighted my way, and time after time have given me new courage to face life cheerfully 19 have been kindness, beauty and truth.(albert einstein, american scientist)有些理想曾为我们引过道路,并不断给我新的勇气以欣然面对人生,那些理想就是--真、善、美。 (美国科学家 爱因斯坦. a.)
7、dont part with your illusions. when they are gone you may still exist, but you have ceased to live. (mark twain, american writer)不要放弃你的幻想。当幻想没有了以后,你还可以生存,但是你虽生犹死。(美国作家 马克·吐温)
8、to accomplish great things, in addition to dream, must act.要想成就伟业,除了梦想,必须行动。
9、when you truly want something, all the universe conspires to help you finish it.当你真心渴望一件东西的时候,整个宇宙都会联合起来帮你完成它。
10、everything is now for the future of dream weaving wings, soar to great heights to dream in reality.现在的一切都是为将来的梦想编织翅膀,让梦想在现实中展翅高飞。
11、human nature is the most pathetic: we always dream of the horizon of a wonderful rose garden, not to enjoy today in our window open rose.人性最可怜的就是:我们总是梦想着天边的一座奇妙的玫瑰园,而不去欣赏今天就开在我们窗口的玫瑰。
12、faith consists in believing when it is beyond the power of reason to believe. it is not enough that a thing be possible for it to be believed.当还缺乏产生信仰的足够理由时,要用信念去包涵。模棱两可不足以支持一个信仰。(伏尔泰)
13、the dream is the other shore, the reality is that on this side, action is the bridge connecting.梦想是彼岸,现实是此岸,行动是那座连接的桥。
14、a heart will not be hurt for pursuing a dream, when you truly want something, all the universe conspires to help you complete the.没有一颗心会因为追求梦想而受伤,当你真心想要某样东西时,整个宇宙都会联合起来帮你完成。
15、dreams don’t abandon a painstaking pursuit of the people, as long as you never stop pursuing, you will bathe in the brilliance of the dream.梦想不抛弃苦心追求的人,只要不停止追求,你们会沐浴在梦想的光辉之中。
16、everything i do is just to weave my wings for my dream now so that it can hover in the real world.我所做的一切都是为将来的梦想编织翅膀现在这样可以悬停在现实世界。
17、the man with a new idea is a crank until the idea succeeds. (mark twain, american writer)具有新想法的人在其想法实现之前是个怪人。 (美国作家 马克·吐温)
18、youth is to prepare the material, want to build a bridge to the moon, or on the ground and two palaces or temples. middle age, finally decided to put up a shed.青年时准备好材料,想造一座通向月亮的桥,或者在地上造二所宫殿或庙宇。活到中年,终于决定搭一个棚。
19、the important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it. (johan wolfgang von goethe, german poet and dramatist)人生重要的事情就是确定一个伟大的目标,并决心实现它。(德国诗人、戏剧家 歌德. j. m.)
20、the pursuit of a cause of the people, can "dream" doing higher. although at the beginning of a dream, but as long as you keep doing, do not easily give up, dreams can come true.一个有事业追求的人,可以把“梦”做得高些。虽然开始时是梦想,但只要不停地做,不轻易放弃,梦想能成真。
21、the dream is not a dream, the difference between the two usually have a very worth pondering the distance.梦想绝不是梦,两者之间的差别通常都有一段非常值得人们深思的距离。
22、“two gates there are for dreams," said penelope to odysseus after his ten years’ wandering had ended. "one made for horn and one of for ivory. the dreams that pass through the carved ivory delude and bring us tales that turn to naught;those that can come through polished horn accomplish real things whenever seen."“梦想有两扇门,”在奥德修斯结束了十年的漂泊后,潘尼洛对他说,“一扇是号角制成,一扇是象牙制成。通过精雕细缕的象牙门得梦想不过是一场会归于无的海市蜃楼的童话;而那些通过磨砺的号角门的梦想才会成为真实,为人所见。”
23、who has the material to survive, people have a dream only talk about life. you have to understand life and life different animal survival, while others life.人有了物质才能生存,人有了梦想才谈得上生活。你要了解生存与生活的不同吗?动物生存,而人则生活。
24、the dream was always running ahead of me. to catch up, to live for a moment in unison with it, that was the miracle.梦想总是跑在我前面,追寻它们,乃至仅有一瞬间的与梦想合而为一,也都是动人的生命奇迹。
25、a person rich money is not certain, but if the man is not a dream, the poor people.一个人有钱没钱不一定,但如果这个人没有了梦想,这个人穷定了。
26、if winter comes, can spring be far behind ?( p. b. shelley, british poet )冬天来了,春天还会远吗?( 英国诗人, 雪莱. p. b.)
27、as wishes may inspire dreams, so dreams may inspire wishes.正如心愿能够激发梦想,梦想也能够激发心愿。
28、ideal is the beacon. without ideal, there is no secure direction; without direction, there is no life.( leo tolstoy, russian writer)理想是指路明灯。没有理想,就没有坚定的方向;没有方向,就没有生活。(俄国作家 托尔斯泰. l.)
29、it is at our mothers knee that we acquire our noblest and truest and highest, but there is seldom any money in them. ( mark twain, american writer )就是在我们母亲的膝上,我们获得了我们的最高尚、最真诚和最远大的理想,但是里面很少有任何金钱。(美国作家 马克·吐温)
30、plain ordinary dream, we used the only adhere to the belief to support the dream.平凡朴实的梦想,我们用那唯一的坚持信念去支撑那梦想。
三、坚持英文名人名言
1、Don’t lose faith, as long as the unremittingly, you will get some fruits. —— Tsien Hsueshen
不要失去信心,只要坚持不懈,就终会有成果。——钱学森
2、With strong will, is equivalent to the feet to a pair of wings.—— Bailey
有了坚定的意志,就等于给双脚添了一对翅膀。——贝利
3、Rome wasn’t built in one day.
伟业非一日建成。
4、Persistence will enable us to succeed, and perseverance of the source is to do not waver in the least, we should take to achieve the necessary means to success.—— Chernyshevsky
只有毅力才会使我们成功,而毅力的来源又在于毫不动摇,坚决采取为达到成功所需要的手段。——车尔尼雪夫斯基
5、Daily good, not afraid of thousands of miles; often do, not do things.
日日行,不怕千万里;常常做,不怕千万事。
6、Once they start they can always continue to cause people is happy.—— Herzen
朝开始便永远能将事业继续下去的人是幸福的。——赫尔岑
7、Although patience and persistence is a painful thing, but it can gradually bring you good.—— Ovid
忍耐和坚持虽是痛苦的事情,但却能渐渐地为你带来好处。——奥维德
8、Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
心之所愿,无事不成。
9、People lack the willpower, rather than strength.—— Hugo
世人缺乏的是毅力,而非气力。——雨果
10、No human can repel a firm hope.—— Kingsley
永远没有人力可以击退一个坚决强毅的希望。——金斯莱
11、Heaven revolves, the gentleman to unremitting self-improvement. —— Wen Tianxiang
天行健,君子以自强不息。——文天祥
12、As long as the continuous efforts, unremitting struggle, there is no things that can not be conquered.—— Seneca
只要持续地努力,不懈地奋斗,就没有征服不了的东西。——塞内加
13、Once you choose your way of life, be brave to stick it out and never return.—— Zola
生活的道路一旦选定,就要勇敢地走到底,决不回头。——左拉
14、No patient who, who has no wisdom.—— he di
谁没有耐心,谁就没有智慧。——萨迪
15、It is dogged does it. The days of easy, but careless people. —— Yuan Mei
天下无难事,只怕有心人。天下天易事,只怕粗心人。——袁枚
16、Poor and stronger, not falling Albatron ambition. —— Wang Bo
穷且益坚,不坠青云之志。——王勃
17、We should have the perseverance, must have the self-confidence especially! We must believe, our talent is used to do something. —— Mrs. Curie
我们应有恒心,尤其要有自信心!我们必须相信,我们的天赋是要用来做某种事情的。——居里夫人
18、Determined to not firm, with nothing.—— Zhu Xi
立志不坚,终不济事。——朱熹
19、One day, the ten day of ten money, money. Little strokes fell great oaks. Dripping water wears through a stone.
一日一钱,十日十钱。绳锯木断,水滴石穿。
20、Pursue your object, be it what it will, steadily and indefatigably.
不管追求什么目标,都应坚持不懈。
篇7:网络综合-英文写作翻译英语作文
全文共 793 字
+ 加入清单It was sunny that day. Our parents were out, so there were only my brother and me at home. We were bored. So we decided to go boating. We played happily. But when we went to the middle of the river, the weather changed. It rained suddenly. We didn t bring umbrella and our boat was bamboo raft. As the rain was more and heavier, we were afraid to sink in the river. We tried our best to make our boat in shore. But our bamboo raft had more water on it. I was afraid to die. My brother was also very anxious. At that time, my mother came and she pulled us back to the ground. It was thrilling.
那是一个晴天。我们的父母都出去了,所以只有我和哥哥在家。我们很无聊。所以我们决定去划船。我们玩的很开心。但当我们走到河中央时,天气变了。突然下起雨来。我们没带伞,而且我们的船还竹排。由于雨越来越大,我们担心会沉到河里去。我们尽力使我们的船靠岸。但是竹筏上的水越来越多。我害怕死了。我哥哥也很着急。那时,我妈妈来了来了,她把我们拉回到地面。真的惊心动魄啊。
篇8:从错误中学习英语作文
全文共 1534 字
+ 加入清单As Goethe says, “man errs so long as he strives”, no one can avoid making mistakes. Therefore, what we need to do is to recognize and revise our mistakes and learn from them.
For one thing, from mistakes, we learn to be more careful and observant. Small though a mistake is, it can destroy the whole plan that we are engaged in. Therefore, in the process of finding mistakes, we are also shaping our characteristics of carefulness and cautiousness and strengthen our capacity of observation. We understand that success consists of details and we could not ignore the smallest mistakes.
For another, the process of finding and revising mistakes is also a process of changing our way of thinking. In many cases, we find that our mistakes are not in what we have done, but in the methods we have used. Thus, when we find that we are wrong, we would try another way to carry out our plan. In this process, we are trying to think in other ways and our capacity of thinking is also improved.
In a word, mistakes are inevitable but we have to take a proper attitude towards them. And making mistakes is not totally a bad thing because we can learn some enlightenment from it.
正如歌德所说:“人只要奋斗就会犯错误”,任何人都会犯错。因此,我们需要做的是承认错误,改正错误,并从中学习。
一方面,从错误中,我们要学会更加细心,学会观察入微。一个错误再小,但也能破坏我们从事的整个计划。因此,在发现错误的过程中,我们同时也在形成细心谨慎的性格,加强我们的观察能力。我们会明白成功是由细节组成的,我们不能忽视哪怕是最小的错误。
另一方面,发现错误、改正错误的过程也是改变我们的思考方式的过程。在很多情况下,我们发现我们的错误并不在于我们所做的事情,而在于我们所使用的方式。因此,当我们发现我们犯了错,我们就会尝试另外的方法来实施我们的计划。在这个过程中,我们试着用另外的方式思考,我们的思考能力同时也得到了提高。
总之,错误是不可避免的,但是我们要采取正确的态度去对待。同时犯错也不完全就是坏事,因为我们可以从中学到一些启示。
篇9:记叙文写作常见技法
全文共 1417 字
+ 加入清单在进行记叙文的写作时有哪些常用的写作方法呢?以下是小编整理的记叙文写作常见技法,欢迎参考阅读!
一、叙述的人称
叙述的人称,实质上是作者叙述时的观察点、立足点问题,也就是叙述一个人、一件事时,是以作者自己的角度来写,还是以他人的角度来写的问题。
第一人称:作者以“我”或“我们”的身份,叙述所历、所闻、所见,把人物经历、事件经过告诉读者,这便是第一人称的叙述。依据“我在事件叙述时地位的轻重,常常表现为:
1、“我”是见证人。如《孔乙已》中的“我”,《祝福》中的“我”,都是只起事件的见证人的作用。
2、“我”是重要人物。如《一件小事》中的“我”,《故乡》中的“我”。
3、“我”是主人公。如日记、书信、游记、自传体文章中的“我”,还有以第一人称叙述的某些小说、故事中的“我”。譬如,鲁迅不是狂人,但在写《狂人日记》时却用“我”来叙述,代替了“狂人”,有力地揭露了中国封建家族制度和吃人的旧礼教。
4、“我”是穿针引线的人物。
第一人称叙述的长处是有真实感,亲切自然。短处是受“我”的限制,不便于反映广阔的现实生活,很难反映“我”以外的人物的思想。
第二人称:作者用“你”、“你们”来叙述,是第二人称叙述。实用写作中很少用此人称,文学创作中有通篇为第一人称的。第三人称:作者站在第三者的立场,用叙述他人事情的口吻,把人物经历、事件经过告诉读者,这便是三人称的叙述。
其用法有:1、“他”。如“他既然这样完全失掉了理性,就发生了哪个疯子头脑里都不曾有过的一种奇想......”(《堂吉诃德》)
2、人名。如“一九四六年一月二十七日,周恩来同志从重庆回延安......”(《一次难忘的航行》)
3、指代。如“那些戴旧毡帽的,大清早摇船出来......”(《多收了三五斗》)第三人称叙述的长处是不受时间、空间限制,写作较自由、灵活,能把人和事直接展现在读者眼前。短处是没有第一人称叙述那样亲切自然。而且,掌握起来比第一人称叙述较为困难。
在写作中,还存在第一人称叙述和第三人称交替使用的情形。如鲁迅的小说《祝福》就用了两种人称来叙述。我们在使用两种人叙述事件时应注意:①不得频繁改换;②改换时要交代清楚,不能打断叙述线索。
写作时倒底是用第一个称还是用第三人称或第二人称叙述,应该从用哪一人称叙述来处理材料、表现主题最为有利的角度来考虑。而且,不管采用哪一种人称叙述,都必须事先确定好,并贯穿文章始终,做到人称一致。否则,叙述人称混乱,就会条理不清,影响中心思想或主题的表达。
二、叙述的方式叙述的方式主要有顺叙、倒叙、插叙、补叙。
顺叙:按照事情发生、发展的顺序来进行叙述。倒叙:把事件的结局或某个最突出的片断提在前边叙述,然后再从事件的开头进行叙述。使用倒叙应注意交代清楚,有必要的文字过渡,否则会影响表达效果。
插叙:指由于表达的需要,中断了原来的叙述而插入的另一段叙述。插叙与倒叙的区别在于:插叙只是顺叙中的一个片断,不是全文中心事件的一部分;而倒叙所叙的内容是整个事件中的一个组成部分或一个环节。
补叙:对前面的叙述加以补充、解释。补叙与插叙的不同在于:1、文字少,一般没有情节,前后不必有过渡文字;2、去掉补叙的文字,前后内容仍可以衔接起来。
三、叙述的要求
第一,线索清楚,要抓住主要线索叙述。
第二,“叙述六要素”应交代明白,一般要把时、地、人、事写清楚,有时可省略其中一、二个要素。
第三,详略得当。第四,要有波澜。因为“文似看山不喜平”、“文贵曲”。记叙文写作技法
篇10:英语写作中的常用谚语
全文共 2083 字
+ 加入清单1、Practice makes perfect.
熟能生巧。
2、Take care of the pence/pennies,and the pounds will take care of themselves.
积少成多。/小事谨慎,大事自成。
3、Swift to hear,slow to speak.
多听少讲。
4、Procrastination is the thief of time.
拖延就是偷走时间。
5、Tomorrow is another day.
明天又是新的一天。/明天还有指望。
6、Exploit to the full one’S favorable conditions and avoid unfavorableones.
扬长避短。
7、Promise little,but do much.
少许愿,多做事。
8、cripples learns to limp.
近朱者赤,近墨者黑。
9、Bend the willow while it is still youn.
修树要趁早,育人要趁小。
10、Knowledge is power.
知识就是力量。
11、Passion,though a bad regulator,is a powerful sprin.
激情虽难驾驭,却是强大动力。
12、Learn from other’S strong points to offset one’S weaknesses.
取长补短。
13、He than run fast gets the rin.
捷足先登。
14、We never know the worth of water till the well is dry.
井干方知水宝贵。
15、Our greatest glory consists not in never failin9,but in rising every time we fall.
人生最大的光荣,不在于永不失败,而在失败还能站起。
16、Ideals are like stars-we never reach them,but like marlners,we chart our courses by them.
人之需要理想,如水手之需星辰;星辰虽不可及,但可指引我们航程。
17、Youth’s stuff will not endure.
青春易逝。
18、A pet lamb makes a cross ralTl.
宠坏的羊羔会变成恶羊。
19、Prepare for the worst and hope for the best.
做最坏的准备,怀最好的希望。
20、Do not throw the baby with the bath water.
别把小孩和洗澡水一起泼掉。
21、Wisdom is only found in truth.
惟有在真理中才能找到智慧。
22、A stitch in time saves nine.
小洞不补,大洞吃苦。
23、An hour in the morning is worth two in the evenin9./The morning hour has gold in its mouth.
一天之计在于晨。
24、Where there is a will,there is a way.
有志者事竟成。
25、Broaden one’S scope ofknowledge and widen one’S horizon.
拓宽知识,开拓视野。
26、He that can have patience can have what he will.
惟坚韧者始能遂其志。
27、Thought is the seed of action.
思想是行动的种子。
28、As you give,as you receive./As you sow,you shall mow.
种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆。
29、Every man is the master ofhis own fogune.
每人都是自己命运的主人。
30、Good health is the best treasure a person can procure.
健康是一个人最宝贵的财富。
31、Disappointment is the nurse of wisdom.
失败是成功之母。
32、The first step to knowledge is to know that we are ignorant.
走向知识的第一步是知道自己无知。
33、Home-keeping youth have ever homely wits.
孩子不见世面,知识少的可怜。
34、People who live in glass houses shouldn’t throw stones.
自己有缺点,勿揭他人短。
35、Give me where to stand,and l will move the world.
给我一个支点,我可以跷起整个地球。
篇11:2024年考研英语写作句式指导
全文共 3119 字
+ 加入清单一、注意段首句式的变化
图画作文的段首句往往是"如图所示"或"从图画中可以看出"之类,下面为经常采用的一些句型:
As is shown in the picture, 和As can be seen from the picture,是经常能看到的首句话,但是模板迹象过于明显,所以应该稍加升级,比如添加一些结构和修饰语:
It is of considerable interest to see in the bizarre picture that…
当然还可以添加一些引出话题的句子:
No one can skip the issue of…(图画表现出来的意图)。Just as what is illustrated in the above drawing,…
二、适当用被动替换主动,这样能更客观地反映事实。
句子开头不要总是用we / I (比如写结尾时不用we should pay attention to而用Attent
ion should be paid to. ) 举个经典结尾的例子:It is, therefore, high time that some applicable approaches were implemented by the service industry like that. By doing so,its competitive edge will be sharpened effectively。
三、一句话用不同的句式来表达
为了加强同学们对语法知识在写作中的灵活应用,下面给出一句话的14种句式及语言
调整的效果,内容上没有太大差异,但是请同学们仔细辨别每句话所侧重的句式:
1.使用表语从句
The picture shows two people reading the announcement on a billboard, and being shocked at the message. The reason is that the billboard is advertising a "sale of the dead bodies"。
2.使用介词短语
In the picture, two people are reading the announcement and they are being shocked at the message of "a sale of dead bodies" on a billboard。
3.使用疑问句
The picture shows two people reading the announcement on a billboard. Why are they so shocked? The reason is that the billboard is advertising a "sale of the dead bodies"。
4.使用原因状语从句
The picture shows two people reading the announcement on a billboard. As the billboard is advertising a "sale of the dead bodies", they are shocked at the message。
5.使用结果状语从句
The picture shows two people reading the announcement on a billboard. The billboard is advertising a "sale of the dead bodies" so that they are shocked at the message。
6.使用时间状语从句
In the picture, while the two people are reading the announcement on the billboard about "a sale of the dead bodies", they are being deeply shocked。
7.使用分词短语
In the picture, reading the message of a ‘sale of the dead bodies" advertised on the billboard, the two people are deeply shocked。
8.使用主动语态
In the picture, the announcement on a billboard advertising a "sale of the dead bodies" shocks the two people reading it。
9.使用There be 结构
In the picture, there is an announcement on a billboard advertising a "sale of the dead bodies" and shocking the two people reading it。
10.使用倒装句
On a billboard is an announcement advertising a "sale of the dead bodies". The two people reading it are being shocked。
11.使用定语从句
In the picture, the announcement on a billboard which advertises a "sale of the dead bodies" shocks the two people reading it。
12.强调句
In the picture, it is the announcement on a billboard advertising a "sale of the dead bodies" that shocks the two people reading it。
13.虚拟语气
In the picture, were it not for the announcement on the billboard advertising a "sale of the dead bodies", the two people would not be so shocked。
14. 尽量复杂作文中的句式
It is of considerable interest to observe in this bizarre caricature that a couple of citizens, reading an announcement issued on the billboard, are taken aback as a result of the astounding message which informs people of a "sale of dead bodies"。
句中使用的词组包括:be of considerable interest, a couple of, taken aback, as a result of, inform sb. of
长句采用的特殊语法包括:宾语从句+分词结构做插入语+分词作后置定语(issued)+被动语态+原因短语+定语从句。
篇12:2024年高考英语专题之写作基础知识
全文共 1830 字
+ 加入清单从历年高考写作题来看, 特别是基础写作, 要点都是一目了然的, 写什么, 对于考生来说不是问题, 问题是不知如何写。
实践证明, 只有写出正确地道的句子, 才有可能把文章写好。磨刀不误砍柴功, 写作需练基本功。你有了扎实的基本功, 不管是基础写作还是读写任务, 也不管考什么作文题, 你都能得高分。因此, 从某种意义上说, 我们不必刻意追求猜题押题, 而应脚踏实地地去练好基本功, 这才是高考高分的备考上策。
【基本句型特训】
这里的基本句型包括简单句的五个基本句型和there be句型。
所谓简单句就是由一个主语 (包括并列主语)和一个谓语 (包括并列谓语) 组成的句子, 即一个主谓关系的句子。
六个基本句型
典型例句
主+谓
He studies very hard.
主+谓+宾
We enjoy sports.
主+谓+间宾+直宾
Sports bring me happiness.
主+谓+宾+宾补
Exercise mades me healthy.
主+系+表
Exercise is very beneficial.
There be句型
There are three reasons why I like it.
特别提醒: 根据历年高考阅卷的情况, 考生写句子最易犯的错是: 不用be时却用了, 或者该用be时却没用。因此, 我们须注意:
1.英语句子通常要有谓语动词, 否则就不完整。如表达 “他很累”, 不能说He very tired.
而要说He is very tired. 因为tired是形容词, 句中无动词。切记: 当句子意思完整, 但句中没有动词时, 一定要加上be。
2. 当句中已有谓语动词时, 若不是进行时态或被动语态, 一定不要再用be。如表达 “他昨天来过这里”, 不能说He was came here yesterday. 而要说He came here yesterday.
[课堂练习]
用基本句型翻译下列各组句子, 然后合并成一篇通顺自然的5句话的短文。
●心中有梦:
单句翻译
1. David 7岁了。 (主系表)
2. 他有一个梦想。 (主谓宾)
3. 他想在天上飞。 (主谓宾)
4. 他做了一架纸飞机。 (主谓双宾)
5. 他完成了作业。 (主谓宾)
6. 他玩纸飞机。 (主谓)
7. 有一天, 天上有一架飞机在飞。 (there be句型)
8. 他的父亲鼓励他努力学习成为飞行员。 (主谓宾宾补)
9. 他非常努力地学习。 (主谓)
10. 十八年后他实现了他的梦想。 (主谓宾)
合并成文
______________________________________________________________________________________________
【标准答案】
1. David was seven years old.
2. He had a dream.
3. He wanted to fly in the sky.
4. He made himself a paper plane.
5. He finished homework.
6. He always played with the paper plane.
7. There was a plane flying in the sky.
8. His father encouraged him to study hard and be a pilot.
9. He worked very hard at his lessons.
10. He made his dream come true 18 years later.
合并成文: When David was seven years old, he dreamed of flying in the sky. Having finished his homework, he made himself a paper plane to play with. One day, there was a plane flying in the sky. His father
encouraged him to be a pilot in the future. It was by working hard that he made his dream come true eighteen years later.
篇13:英语书信常见写作模板
全文共 366 字
+ 加入清单1、开头部分
How nice to hear from you again. Let me tell you something about the activity. I’m glad to have received your letter of Apr. 9th. I’m pleased to hear that you’re coming to China for a visit. I’m writing to thank you for your help during my stay in America.
2、结尾部分
With best wishes. I’m looking forward to your reply. I’d appreciate it if you could reply earlier.
篇14:2024中考英语作文写作指导汇总
全文共 2810 字
+ 加入清单英语写作是中考学生的一个盲点,缺乏对英语写作的专门训练和反思,老师的工作量大,造成作文讲评大多数时候只谈现象,因此学生学得也不具体、不深入,忽略写作技能的提高,甚至误认为只要句子结构正确,无单词拼写错误就应该得满分。同学们应该走出对英语写作认识上的误区。那么怎样才能写出一篇优秀作文,而在中考中获取高分呢?下面是YJBYS网作文频道为大家整理的英语写作指导。
一、写作决窍
总体把握,要点齐全;人称时态,逻辑清楚;
关键词汇,动词第一;组词成句,结构完整;
组句成文,连词增色;此路不通,绕道迂回;
字迹工整,留好印象;从句适量,高分有望。
二、写作步骤
1.认真审题。审题包括要点、格式、词数以及此篇文章要传递给读者什么样的信息,告诫读者什么(即写作目的)。
2.确定文体和时态。确定文体后,根据不同文体的特点和要求进行组织材料;同时确定出该篇文章的总时态与时态的变化。
3.写完要点,但不随意发挥。
4.先草稿,后抄写。
三、习作点评
[2004年全国中学生英语能力竞赛初赛初三组] (14分)
Choose one of your hobbies and write an article for the school magazine about it. Tell the magazine readers.
·What exactly your hobby is;
·When and how you became interested in this hobby;
·Why you enjoy your hobby;
·About your hopes and plans for the future.
写作要求:
1.根据所提供的内容,适当拓展想象空间,灵活地将提供的信息体现在文章中。
2.条理清楚,语句通顺,书写清晰、规范。
3.词数60-80.
[高分突破]
①文体:记叙文。
②要点:what → when →how → why → hope and plan for the future.
③时态:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时的自然变化。
内容具有开放性,但它也是“控制性”的写作试题,因此不能随意发挥,要善于抓信息,写完要点。选用这两篇学生真实习作,一是因为他们选材相同,二是因为他们都是英语成绩优秀的同学。同学B灵活使用连词so…that,so,little by little,when,so that等,恰到好处地使用新句型和短语used to,became interested in,come true……等,使内容丰富,读起来优美流畅。其实这些表达同学A也会,只是缺乏技术加工。通过这两篇作文点评,同学们便能悟出其中的奥妙。
四、培养途径
1.根据老师布置的写作内容,独立完成一篇写作。
2.与同伴合作,交流自己的写作,通过交流找出各自作文中写得好的地方和优美的句子,合作创造一篇新的文章,供大家欣赏。
3.找老师点评,请求老师指点,尤其是怎样润色。
4.自己纠错,写下反思。
五、备考演练
A
缙云山是重庆著名的游览胜地,每天有大量的游客。请你根据下面提供的信息写一篇报道,说明现在的游客在环境保护方面的变化。
写作要求:
1.词数在100左右。
2.条理清楚,语句通顺。
3.开头已写好,但不计入总词数。
Jinyun Mountain is a famous place of interest …
B
阅读电视广告词:“If we don’t save water,the last drop of water will be a tear-drop.”根据提示,写一篇60-80词的短文。
提示:
1.生活离不开水。
2.可饮用水在减少。
3.水污染严重。
4.应保护水源,再利用水。
思路点拨与参考答案
A. [思路点拨]:
①文体:记叙文。
②时态:一般过去时态,一般现在时态。采用正反对比的写作手法,增加感染力。
③写作目的:告诉读者保护环境的重要性。
Jinyun Mountain is a famous place of interest.Every day a lot of tourists come here to enjoy its beauty. But a few years ago,some of them paid no attention to protecting the environment.They threw their rubbish,such as plastic bags,fruit skins and waste paper on the ground.Sometimes they broke trees,picked flowers and killed birds. Some even made fires in the woods to cook food.How dangerous it was.Luckily,great changes have taken place here.Tourists are used to putting their rubbish into dustbins,and they are doing their best to protect the birds and plants as well.They bring their own meals instead of cooking to prevent starting a forest fire in the mountains.All these changes make us very happy.
B. [思路点拨]:
①夹叙夹议(说明现状,谈谈感想)。
②时态:一般现在时态。
③广告词的含义——水很重要,应保护和再利用(写作意图)。
Water is very important to humans.We can’t live without water.The water we can drink is falling.But some people don’t seem to care about it.They waste a lot of water.They pour dirty water into rivers and lakes.Water pollution is getting more and more serious.So we must do something to stop the pollution.We not only protect the water but also find ways to reuse it.If we don’t do this,the last drop of water will be a tear-drop.
篇15:高中英语作文写作技巧
全文共 1148 字
+ 加入清单1、审题:审题是做到切题的第一步。所谓审题就是要看清题意,确定文章的中心思想、主题,并围绕中心思想组织材料。
2、进行构思,列出简单的提纲,打造文章之骨架:审好题、立好意后,就要写提纲,打造文章的骨架。文章布局要做好几件事:安排好层次段落,铺设好过渡,处理好开头和结尾。
3、扩展成文:根据字数多少扩展成篇。扩展的内容一定要紧扣主题,千万不要写那些与主题不相关的内容。展开的方式包括:顺序法、举例法、比较法、对比法、说明法、因果法、推导法、归纳法和下定义等。可以根据需要任选一种或几种方式。
在这一步骤中还需注意三方面问题:
1、确保提纲中段落结构的思路与各段主题句的一致性。只有这样,才能保证所写段落不偏题、不跑题。
2、要综合考虑各个段落的内容安排,避免段落内容的交叉。
3、用好连接词,注意段落间、句子间的连贯性。要做到所写文章层次分明,思路清晰,文字连贯,就需要在句与句之间、段与段之间架起一座座桥梁,而连接词起的正是桥梁作用。
在扩展的过程中也有些窍门,以下几点可供参考:
1、在整篇文章中,避免只是用一两个句式或重复用同一词语。英语中存在着极为丰富的同义词,准确地使用同义词可以给读者清新的感觉。同时要灵活运用各种句式,如倒装句、强调句、省略句、主从复合句、对比句、分词短语、介词短语等,从而增加文章的可读性。
2、使用不同长度的句子。如果一个意思用一句话写不清楚的话,通过分句和合句或用两句、三句来表达,增强句子的连贯性和表现力。
3、改变句子的开头方式,不要总是以主、谓、宾、状的次序。可以把状语至于句首,或用分词等。
4、学会使用过渡词。递进furthermore,moreover,besides,in addition,then,etc ;转折however,but,nevertheless,afterwards,etc ;总结finally,at last,in brief,to conclude,etc ;强调really,indeed,certainly,surely,above a11,etc ;对比in the same way,just as,on the other hand,etc。
5、确定文章用第几人称写,基本时态是什么。使用人称时人物不能张冠李戴或指代不明。时态要尽量保持一致。
检查修改:要检查复核,不要写完了事。
要留时间通读全文,修改可能出现的错误。检查上下文是否连贯,句子衔接是否自然流畅。检验的标准主要是句子是否通畅,该用连词的地方用了没有,所用的连词是否合适,是否有语法错误,主谓是否一致,动词的时态、语态、语气的使用是否正确,词组的搭配是否合乎习惯,是否有大小写、拼写、标点错误等,还有就是注意卷面整洁。
可归纳为:中心突出,主题明确;层次清楚,条理清晰;表达
篇16:腊八节的由来_英语作文写作素材
全文共 1473 字
+ 加入清单Since ancient times first, laba is used to worship our ancestors and gods (including the goalkeeper, door god, house, kitchen, JingShen) sacrifice ceremony, praying for harvest and good luck., according to the si ji jiao, features "records, la is the" age of December, and get together to share everything without cable also."Dynasty called LaRi jia ping, shang dynasty to the qing si ", the zhou dynasty as the "big wax";Because the held in December said the month for the twelfth month, called the Greek festival this day LaRi.LaRi of pre-qin period after the winter solstice of the third day of the Buddhism was introduced later, at home in order to expand the influence by lines of traditional culture on the laba festival as the Buddha into way.Buddhism prevailed, followed the Buddha into day and LaRi fusion, known as a magic weapon "festival" in the field of Buddhism.Northern and southern dynasties began to fixed in the day.
According to the load: "three xu-gou after the winter solstice day god Greek festival."Visible, the third xu-gou days after the winter solstice was LaRi.Since Buddhism after intervention, LaRi change on December 8, since xiangyan into the vulgar.
自先上古起,腊八是用来祭祀祖先和神灵(包括门神、户神、宅神、灶神、井神)的祭祀仪式,祈求丰收和吉祥。据《祀记·郊特牲》记载,腊祭是“岁十二月,合聚万物而索飨之也。”夏代称腊日为“嘉平”,商代为“清祀”,周代为“大蜡”;因在十二月举行,故称该月为腊月,称腊祭这一天为腊日。先秦的腊日在冬至后的第三个戌日,后来佛教传入,为了扩大在本土的影响力逐附会传统文化把腊八节定为佛成道日。后随佛教盛行,佛祖成道日与腊日融合,在佛教领域被称为“法宝节”。南北朝开始才固定在腊月初八。
《说文》载:“冬至后三戌日腊祭百神。”可见,冬至后第三个戌日曾是腊日。后由于佛教介入,腊日改在十二月初八,自此相沿成俗。
篇17:2024成人高考英语作文写作素材精选
全文共 1366 字
+ 加入清单Grasp all, lose all. 贪多必失.
Whats lost is lost. 失者不可复得。
Waste not, want not. 不浪费,不会穷.
Tomorrow never comes. 切莫依赖明天. / 我生待明日,万事成蹉跎.
No man is infallible. 没有人不犯错误。
Alms never make poor. 施舍穷不了人.
Love will find a way. 爱心所至,金石为开.
Manners make the man. 举止见人品。
Patience is a virtue. 忍耐是一种美德.
Pity is akin to love. 怜悯生爱.
Call a spade a spade. 是啥说啥,难听不怕。
Delays are dangerous. 因循出危险.
Diamond cuts diamond. 强中自有强中手.
Counsel is no command. 劝告不是命令.
Poverty tries friends. 贫穷考验朋友.
Once bitten,twice shy. 吃一次亏,学一次乖.
Pain past is pleasure. 痛苦过去即欢乐.
Leal heart lied never. 心诚无谎言。
Hot love is soon cold. 过热的爱情冷得快.
As good lost as found. 有得必有失. /得失同喜.
Every dog has his day. 瓦块也有翻身日,人人都有运来时。
Wise fear begets care. 懂得担心,就会小心.
"Never”is a long word. 不要轻易说“决不”。
After wind comes rain. 风是雨的头。
Nurture passes nature. 教养胜过天性.
Time tries all things. 时间检验一切.
Boys will be boys. 男孩子总是男孩子.
No song, no supper. 不出力,不得食.
The truth will out. 真相总会大白.
Time works wonders. 时间能创造奇迹.
To think is to see. 思考就是明白.
Truth will prevail. 真理必胜
A lie begets a lie. 谎言生谎言。
Years bring wisdom. 年岁带来智慧.
In love is no lack. 爱情不会感到缺乏.
Easy come, easy go. 来得容易去得 . /悖入悖出.
Every little helps. 点滴都有用.
Forgive and forget. 恢弘大度,勿念旧恶。
Manners maketh man. 举止造人品.
Laugh and grow fat. 心宽体胖 。
Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量.
Let the world slide. 人世沧桑,听其自然.
Love me,love my dog. 爱屋及乌.
Life means struggle. 生活就是斗争.
Fair plays a jewel. 比赛风格好,胜过珠宝.
Early sow,early mow. 种得早,收得早.
篇18:关于提高英语写作能力的方法
全文共 1772 字
+ 加入清单在英语教学中,培养学生听、说、读、写的能力是相辅相成的。经常练习写作,可以巩固和发展听说能力 ,还可以促进阅读能力的提高。写作能促使学生勤复习、多思考。通过对一词一句反复推敲,有助于提高使用 语言的准确性。学习用英语写作是培养英语思维能力的重要途径之一,有了一定的英语思维能力,英语学习就 能产生一个相应的飞跃。因此,在高中阶段指导、培养学生写英语作文是不容等闲视之的。
用英语解释生词,为学生打好写作基础。教师应创造语言环境,通过耳濡目染、潜移默化,培养用英语思 维的习惯。在教每课的单词和词组时,要尽量用学生学过的单词、词组进行解释。刚开始时,可由教师用英语 解释生词,后来可让学生根据汉语释意,用自己学过的单词、词组解释。这样,经过一段时间的训练,学生的 英语思维能力就会有所提高,为英语写作打下较好的基础。在作文时,如果不知道某个东西的英语表达方式而 又无词典可查,这时学生就会用其释义来代替,如用“a person who nakes clothes”来代替“atailor”, 这虽不完全符合英语语言习惯,但对初学写作的高中生来说还是值得鼓励的。
通过缩写和改写课文,培养学生的英语概括能力。缩写课文会激励学生去认真钻研课文内容,有助于加深 学生对课文的理解,提高学生归纳总结和进行简要表达的能力。缩写课文允许改动原意,不允许删去主要内容 。缩写课文一般应该用自己的话来写,不能只停留在拼凑原文的词句上,也不要逐句、逐段照原文去改写。这 些均通过示例让学生明白和掌握,并在实践中让他们仔细加以体会。改写课文可以培养学生举一反三的语言表 达能力,熟练掌握英语表达方法,促使学生去钻研、去思考,调动学习的积极性,学生把学过的知识运用到实 际中去,这对于提高英语水平大有裨益。改写,除了我们通常所说的句子、段落的释义之外,还包括用其他体 裁改写整篇课文。如高中英语第一册第三课短剧“The Lost Necklace”可改写为记叙文。有的课文,如高中英 语第一册“The Blind Men And The Elephant”和第十课“At A Tailors Shop”等,就可以让学生改写成短 剧,并让他们在班上表演。有的课文故事是第三人称叙述的,如“The Footprint”,就可以让学生用第一人称 加以改写,使他们身临其境,自由发挥。这样可创造情景,促使他们“下笔如有神”。
以多题材、多形式的自由作文训练,加强意念功能的培养。经过一段时间的缩写和改写的笔头训练之后, 学生对写作有了一定的基础和兴趣,就可以放手让他们进行多种题材的自由作文训练,使学生在自由表达思想 和内心感受中,加强意念功能培养。(1) 练习写周记日记是培养学生英语自由写作能力的第一步。写周记日记 ,学生不受内容和经验的限制,可就熟悉的题材,充分发挥自己的想象力,自由表达。(2) 看图作文新颖活泼 ,能激发学生英语写作的积极性。可以用流传较广的传说、故事作图,让学生写记叙文。比如画几幅老鼠商议 给猫挂铃铛的图,让学生以“The cat and the bell”作文。也可画一幅漫画,让学生写简易议论文。如画一 幅之人向三个方向划一条小船,让学生写出情景加以评论,并命题。(3) 作文可由教师统一命题,也可由学生 自由命题。命题作文要注意先易后难,开始让学生写一些自己熟悉、易于表达的题材。如:“Our School”、 “My Family”、“A Letter To Somebody”、“ARepectable Teacher”、“Life In Summer Vacation”等。 在此基础上,提高一步,写一些较难的题目。如:My Idea, Money And Happiness等。刚开始练习命题作文写作 时,可让学生课外完成,规定交作文日期即可。经过一段时间后,可要求他们在课堂上完成,借以培养他们的 思考能力,提高快速写作的能力。
通过讲评帮助学生逐步掌握写作要领。作文批阅应与课堂讲评相结合,一方面在班上朗诵优秀作文,说明 其好在哪里。另一方面要分析各种典型错误,尤其是汉式英语,务必通过讲译,使学生进一步了解错误产生的 原因,以及如何纠正。为了加深印象,避免讲评中烦琐指点,最好对各种错误进行分类整理,教师应注意分类 的合理性和系统性。
篇19:中学作文指导:写作常见修辞方法及其作用
全文共 1746 字
+ 加入清单常见的修辞方法有:比喻、比拟、借代、夸张、对偶、排比、设问、反问。
首先能在语言中辨识各修辞方法,继而理解其适用效果;同时要会用这些修辞方法,提高运用语言的能力。修辞方法又称修辞格。据专家研究,汉语修辞格可达70种之多,常见的有10多种。
(1)比喻。
它是用某一具体的、浅显、熟悉的事物或情境来说明另一种抽象的、深奥、生疏的事物或情境的一种修辞方法。比喻分明喻、暗喻、借喻三种形式。明喻的形式可简缩为:甲(本体)如(喻词:像、似、若、犹、好像、仿佛)乙(喻体)。暗喻的形式可简缩为:甲是(喻词:成、变成、成为、当作、化作)乙。明喻在形式上是相似关系,暗喻则是相合关系。借喻:只出现喻体,本体与比喻词都不出现。如:燕雀安知鸿鹄之志!
(2)借代。
不直接说出要说的人或事物,而是借用与这一人或事物有密切关系的名称来替代,如以部分代全体;用具体代抽象;用特征代本体;用专名代通称等。如:
①不拿群众一针一线。(一针一线代群众的一切财产)
②不要大锅饭。("大锅饭"代抽象的"平均主义")
③花白胡子坐在墙角里吸旱烟。(花白胡子是以特征代本体)
④千万个雷锋活跃在祖国大地上。("雷锋"以具体的形象代抽象的共产主义思想)
(3)比拟。
把人当物写或把物当人来写的一种修辞方法,前者称之为拟物,后者称之为拟人。如:
①做人既不可翘尾巴,也不可夹着尾巴。(拟物)
②蜡炬成灰泪始干。(拟人)
(4)夸张。
对事物的形象、特征、作用、程度等作扩大或缩小描绘的一种修辞方法。如:?
①白发三千丈,缘愁似个长。("三千丈"为扩大夸张)
②芝麻粒儿大的事,不必放在心上。("芝麻粒儿"是缩小夸张)
③太阳刚一出来,地上已经像下了火。(把前一事物"出来"与后一事物"下火"夸张到几乎是同时出现,有人称此种夸张方式为超前夸张)
(5)对比。
是把两种事物或同一事物的两个方面并举加以比较的方法。如:
①先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐。
②朱门酒肉臭,路有冻死骨。
(6)对偶。
用结构相同或相近,字数相等的一对短语或句子对称排列起来表达相对或相近的意思。如:
①满招损,谦受益。
②横眉冷对千夫指,俯首甘为孺子牛。
③欲穷千里目,更上一层楼。(流水对)
④望长城内外,惟余莽莽,大河上下,顿失滔滔。(扇面对)
(7)排比。
把内容相关、结构相同或相似、语气一致的几个(一般要三个或三个以上)短语或句子连用的方法。如:
但这回却很有几点出于我的意外。一是当局者竟会这样地凶残,一是流言家竟至如此之下劣,一是中国的女性临难竟能如是之从容。
(8)反复。
根据表达需要,使同一个词语或句子一再出现的方法。反复可以是连续的,也可间隔出现。如:
①冒着敌人的炮火,前进!前进!前进!
②敌人从哪里进攻,我们就要它在哪里灭亡,敌人从哪里进攻,我们就要它在哪里灭亡。
(9)反语。
即通常所说的"说反话"--实际要表达的意思和字面意思是相反的。如:"友邦人士"从此可以不必"惊诧莫名",只请放心来瓜分就是了。
(10)顶真
用前文的末尾作下文的开头,首尾相连两次以上,使邻近接的语句或片断或章节传下接,首尾蝉联,这种修辞手法,叫做顶真,又叫顶针或联珠。
运用顶真修辞手法,不但能使句子结构整齐,语气贯通,而且能突出事物之间环环相扣的有机联系。
例如:
①楚山秦山皆〈白云〉,
〈白云〉处处〈长随君〉。
〈长随君〉,〈君〉入楚山里,
云亦随君渡〈湘水〉。
〈湘水〉上,女罗衣,
白云堪卧君早归。
(李白《白云歌》)
②他比先前并没有什么大改变,单是老了些,但也还未留胡子,一见面是〈寒暄〉,〈寒暄〉之后〈说我"胖了"〉,〈说我"胖了"〉之后即大骂其新党。(鲁迅《祝福》)
引 用:引用一些名人名句,主要为了突出主题,增加文章的说服力。同时也能展示作者的读书功底与阅历,给读者留下深刻的印象
引 用
写文章时,有意引用现成语 (成语、诗句、格言、典故等) 以表达自己的思想感情,说明自己对新问题、新道理的见解,这种修辞法叫引用。
引用的作用是使论据确凿充分,增犟说服力,富启发性,而且语言精炼,含蓄典雅。
明 引
例子(1):
孔子曰:「三人行,必有我师。」是故弟子不必如师,师不必贤於弟子。
暗 引
例子(2):
失败乃成功之母,你千万不要气馁。
例子(3):
薄粥稀稀碗底沉,鼻风吹动浪千层,有时一粒浮汤面,野渡无人舟自横。 ( 沈石田《薄粥诗》)
篇20:2024年考研英语写作素材汇编
全文共 1435 字
+ 加入清单1)Some(people)argue/claim/believe/hold that……But others set(put)forth a different argument about/oppositive views on the matter in question.
(e.g. Some claim that setting off firecrackers is a good practice of celebrating the Spring Festival.……But others put forth opposite views on the problem.)
2)Some(people)advocate/endorse/favor/are for(或oppose/object to/are against)……Yet others stick to/hold on to/cling to the opposite views/argument/points.
(e.g. Some advocate changes intended to modernize the building code.……Yet others hold on to the opposite views.)
3)To some peoples mind/From some peoples point of view/In the eye(s)o f some people,the matter in question is/seems/should be/means……But to othersmind/from others point of view/in otherseyes,it is just/quite the other way around/contrary/opposite(或the opposite/reverse is the case/true.)
(e.g. To some peoples mind,reading should be done in a selective way.……But to others‘,it is just the other way around.)
4)Some(people)respond/react to……by……But others behave/act in the other direction/in the opposite way.
(e.g. Some people respond to failure by remaining inactive or avoiding it……But others behave in the opposite way.)
5)Some take the view that……And/But on the other hand,others argue for the opposite view that……
(e.g. Some are of the view that institutions mould characters.……And on the other hand,others argue for the opposite view that characters transform institutions.)