中考英语大常见错误解析（精选20篇）

There is a saying that man proposes, god disposes, which means man plan the

things and the rest of the outcome lies in the luck. This saying reflects the

connection between hard-work and luck, which is though sometimes we have worked

so hard, luck occupies great position, the unexpected things happen and refrain

us from succeeding. In order to be successful, people work so hard, they believe

they can achieve their goals, but lacking luck stops them achieving their goals.

So working hard doesn’t mean bringing people success directly, they just need to

try more times, without luck, they still can make their goals. Luck can help

people close to success, without hard-work, they can’t be successful. Hard-work

and luck make people realize their goals, but without luck, people still can

make it by trying more times.

When it comes to success, different people have different opinions about

what makes it come true. Some people regard hard-working as an essential quality

to success while others believe being clever would lead to success. From my

point of view, I think perseverance and hard-working are indispensable for those

who want to make an achievement.

Firstly, perseverance let people step closely towards success. Most people

want to make a big difference to prove their value. People who set their goal

and keep moving would make their dream come true. However, there are some people

who set their goal but they stop at the difficulty would fail in the end. I

think the difference between success and failure is perseverance. If we have

perseverance, even if we are not clever, we will make a great difference, but if

we not, we are doomed to lose. As we all know, Edison is a great inventor in the

world. However, before he invented the bulb, he kept trying for tens of

thousands of times to find a suitable wire. Let us imagine, if he gave up at the

999th, then how he couldn’t become so successful. So, I strongly believe that

perseverance produces success.

Secondly, there is also a kind of people who are born with cleverness, I

think they are lucky. Nevertheless, if they don’t make a hard work on their way

to their goal, they, absolutely, will become loser. Whether we are gifted for

intelligent, we must be hard-working so as to success. I regard hard-working as

an efficient approach to be successful because I believe ‘pains and gains’. As

for those who do not make great efforts on work, failure follows. In old times,

there is a clever boy who can make excellent poem when he can talk. When his

father found the little child’s cleverness, he just let the child make poems to

show around while never let the boy learned anything. When the boy grew up,

people forgot him because he lost the ability to compose poems and became

ordinary as others. From this matter, we can see that only by hard-working can

we get knowledge and make a good future.

Anyway, I think perseverance and hard-working are both important in our way

to success for they enhance us and produce success.

记忆犹如一条条小船，随着年龄的长大，虽然现在有许多小船只已经驶离了我记忆的港湾，但有一条小船却永远停泊在了我记忆的深处，小船上载着令我难忘的一个人——我以前的班主任陈老师。

陈老师长得十分好看，一头乌黑发亮的长发，皮肤光滑细嫩，鹅蛋脸上镶嵌着一双黑宝石般的眼睛，还有一张能说会道的小嘴。

我的老师不仅长得漂亮，还会教学生们做人的道理。记得那次三年级举行语文大赛，我原本信心满满，可结果比赛成绩一出来，我差点气得吐血。我得了第二名，和第一名只相差一分。从这以后我整天没精打采，犹如斗败的公鸡般上课也趴在桌上。

老师知道这件事后，非常焦急，把我留下来单独谈话，对我语重心长地说：“人生处处有磨难，只有经得起磨难，才是一个坚强勇敢的人。正所谓：不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹……”老师的话像春风一样拂开了我的心扉，更温暖了我幼小的心灵。从这以后，我每天坚持读半个小时的书，终于四年级的时候，语文大赛我获得了第一名。拿到奖状的我内心溢满了幸福，但我更深深知道，这一切都离不开陈老师的鼓励。

陈老师让我明白了，失败并不可怕，它是一种成功的前奏。虽然后来陈老师因为工作调动，不再教我了，但她温柔的话语一直萦绕在我的耳旁，时刻鼓舞着我、影响着我……

我永远忘不了我的班主任——陈老师!

Spring Festival is coming,I am very happy.On this winter holiday,I went to

visit my grandparents with my parents. My grandmother is very zeal.Our dinner is

very delicious.After the dinner,the people gave me money in red envelopes.I am

very happy in this family with my grandparents.

Sometimes,we go to climb the mountains.The mountain is very high.Look!There

is a clean river near the mountain.And there are some beautiful flowers,grass

and big trees.Some trees are orange trees,the others are banana trees.Oh,I am

very tired but interesting.

I am very happy on this holiday because I like Spring Festival very

much.What about you?

每年的英语中考都有写作这一考查的内容，所以同学们要重视写作的方法，消除畏惧心理，排除心理障碍。纵观近几年中考英语写作题，题材一般是写人、写事、写物、写景、日记、书信、通知、便条等文体。一般来说，不同的写作题材，它的人物，时间，写作的重点也是不尽相同的。下面简单介绍一下中考英语写作六个要素：审题清，要点明，列提纲，全文顺，无病句，打草稿。

一、审题要清

看到考题后，先不要急于动笔，要仔细看清题目要求的内容。在自己的头脑中构思出一个框架或画面，确定短文的中心思想，不要匆匆下笔，看懂题意，根据提供的资料和信息来审题。审题要审格式、体裁、人物关系、故事情节、主体时态、活动时间、地点等。

二、要点明确

要点是给分的一个重要因素。为了防止写作过程中遗漏要点，同学们要充分发挥自己的观察力，把情景中给出的各个要点逐一罗列出。

三、列出提纲

为写作做好准备。根据文章要点短文的中心思想将主要句型、关键词语记下，形成提纲。

四、写顺全文

写短文时要做到五个方面：

1.避免使用汉语式英语，尽量使用自己熟悉的句型。

2.多用简单句型，记事、写人一般都不需要复杂的句型。可适当多使用陈述句、一般疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。不用或少用非谓语或独立主格结构等较复杂的句型。

3.注意语法、句法知识的灵活运用。语态、时态要准确无误;主谓语要一致，主语的人称和数要和谓语一致;注意冠词用法，例如：It takes Tom half an hour to go to school by bus.中的an不能写成a;注意拼写，例如：fourteen，forty，ninth等不要写成forteen，fourty，nineth等;注意标点符号和大小写。

4.描写人物时，要生动具体，可以选择使用下列词汇，例如：外形：tall，short，fat，thin，strong，weak，pretty等;颜色：red,yel-low，blue，white，green，brown，black等;心情：glad，happy，sad，excited，anxious，interest-ed等;情感：love，like，hate，feel，laugh，cry，smile，shout等。

5.上下文要连贯。同学们应把写好的句子，根据故事情节，事情发生的先后次序(时间或空间)，使用一些表示并列、递进等过渡词进行加工整理，使文章连贯、自然、流畅。同学们应注意下面过渡的用法：并列关系：and,as well as,or…;转折关系：but,yet,how-ever…;时间关系：when,while,after,before,then,after that…;因果关系：so，there-fore，asaresult…;目的：in order to，in order that，so as to,so that…;列举：for example ,such as…;总结性：in general,in all,in a word,generally speaking…

五、没有病句

中考作文时，由于时间紧、内容多，同学们出错在所难免。因此，改错这一环节必不可少。中考作文评卷是根据要点、语言准确性、上下文的连贯性来给分，根据错误多少来扣分。因此中考时花几分钟时间用来检查错误显得尤为重要。检查错误应从以下几个方面入手：(1)看字数是否达到要求，看有无遗漏要点。

(2)看文体格式是否正确规范。

(3)看有无语法或用词上的错误。

(4)看单词拼写、字母大小写是否有错，标点符号有无遗漏或用错等等。

(5)注意时态、语态、人称是否上下文一致。

六、先打草稿

考试中，书面表达应做到先打草稿，写完后多读几遍，检查是否有误，然后再抄到试卷上，注意字迹要工整，不涂、不画、不勾不抹，避免不必要的扣分。

Music is the important part of my life. The world needs music to amuse

peoples life. As they live in the fast pace, music can bring them the great joy

and relax. Since I was very small, I fell in love with music and every time when

I heard music, my body would move and feel relaxed. The function of music is

various.

There is a famous song, which called let the music heal your soul. A lot of

young people have their favorite singers. When they see their idols face to

face, they would say thank you to the singers, because their songs inspire these

young people to move on in the dark days. The songs deliver positive messages to

the public and inspire them to never give up.

Listening to the music is the main way for the young people to release

their pressure. Every day before I sleep, I will listen to the light music,

which helps me to take relax and make me sleep well. The reason why so many

people like to KTV after their work lies in releasing pressure. They need to

shout and then forget about the annoyance.

Music is favored by everyone and it is the indispensable part of our

life.

I Play Guitar

I like playing guitar,so my father buys me a guitar for fun.It is very funny.Then my mother asks me to have guitar class.She thinks to learn more skill

is good for me.I start to have guitar class.It is really funny at first.But later on,I feel very tired.It is not easy to get improved.I want to giveup,but I insist at last.Now I can pay several songs.I feel proud of it.

我弹吉他

我喜欢弹吉他,所以我爸爸给我买一把吉他的乐趣。这是非常有趣的。然后我妈妈问我有吉他课。她认为学习更多的技能对我有好处。我开始上吉他课。这是非常有趣的。但是后来,我感觉非常疲劳。不容易得到改善。我想给最后,但我坚持。现在我可以支付一些歌曲。我感到自豪。

As it is known to us, Ping An was chosen to perform on the CCTV Spring

Festival Gala with his melodious and strong voice. Also, he had a great

achievement on this dream stage. Although he hadnt gain the popularity among

the audience at the beginning, he always kept his dream in mind and never gave

it up. It is his success that brings home to me the power of dream.

A life without a dream is a life without a sun. Therefore, in no

circumstances can we give up our dream. Unquestionably, dreams are of great

importance. For one thing, a person having a dream will be considered to be more

responsible and unswerving. For another, in pursuit of our dream, there is a

chance that good habits and positive attitudes can be formed, contributing to

our success.

As for our students, what we should do is to choose a healthy seed and

plant it on fertilized soil. Firstly, knowledge is the foundation of dream

realization, so we should spend much time in study to enrich ourselves.

Secondly, it also takes perseverance and confidence if we want to realize our

dreams. Last but not least, we should not be craven and timorous but brave when

we meeting obstacles.

英语是世界上最流行的语言，也是所有语言中使用最广泛的语言，学好英语有利于我们对外交流。下面是小编带来的是关于期中考试的英语作文，希望对您有帮助。

Today, I feel very unnatural when I go to bed together. No wonder! Mom and dad kept telling them that the air around them seemed to be frozen together.

After breakfast, our classmates went upstairs to do the preparatory work. The first two classes to test Chinese, I excitedly took out the pencil box, take out the Chinese book, began the last review. I havent had such a big exam for a long time, and Im nervous! I have learned Chinese books do not have to worry about basic questions, can recite fluently from memory, the key lies in reading, my level is not very good. Writing is OK, maybe get a full score.

Suddenly, the bell rang, and the faces of the students were so ugly that I got serious. My father always told me, "dont giggle in exams, it will distract your attention."." This is a very common examination, parents are stirred in disorderly fashion not tense, and are not calm down! The teacher rolled it, I got the first volume and looked back, huh?! Thats easy! I was secretly happy. But I still clear my throat, ready to jump into the "sea" to travel, explore. I also believe that peace is an important point, so that it can be static thought; seriously is also very important, the so-called "nothing is unachievable, as long as seriously, what things can be solved; also must be careful, careful person, who will love you!

I finally wrote my name, class, and started thinking about every question! The first question seems like I started doing it from grade one. Its a piece of cake! After second volumes, I suddenly realized that it was so hard and difficult to read. I read three times and didnt come up with the answer! Oh!

Finally, its time to roll in, and Ill have to take a good look at the next door! I think.

"Ding ding." The bell rings again, and I have to start doing some boring questions again.

After several I have done very well, that is, to the last one - English, and I am stumped.

Was that right? Whats this again?! Listening to a very vague English word, I really dont know what to choose is the correct answer, ah! Another door is doomed! What a bad luck!

Then I want to treat bad places I have seriously, for the future to test out koko!

今天，我一起床，就感觉十分不自然。怪不得呢！爸爸妈妈不停地叮嘱，周围的空气好像都凝固在一起——要期中考试了。

吃完早饭，我们班同学陆续上楼做准备工作。前两节课要考语文，我激动地拿出铅笔盒，取出语文书开始最后的复习。很久没有举行这样大型考试了，我不免有些紧张！语文书我已背得滚瓜烂熟，不用操心基础题，关键就在于阅读题，我的水平不是很好。作文倒是还可以，说不定能得个满分。

突然，上课铃响了，同学们的表情十分难看，我也严肃了起来。爸爸总是告诉我：“考试不要嘻嘻哈哈，这样会分散注意力。”这本是很普通的一个考试，都被家长们搅得糊里糊涂，不紧张的人，都冷静不下来！老师发卷了，我拿到第一卷后一看，咦！好简单呀！我心中暗暗高兴。可我还是清了清嗓子，准备跳入“题海”中去遨游、探索。我还认为平静是重要点，这样才可以静心想；认真也很重要，所谓“天下无难事，只怕有心人”，只要认真，什么事都可解决；还必须具备细心，细心的人，谁都会喜欢呀！

我终于写好姓名、班级，开始思考每一题啦！第一题好像是我从一年级就开始做的啦，简直是小菜一碟！一直做到第二卷，我突然发现，阅读题好难好难，我读了近三遍都没想出答案，算了，凑合凑合编一个吧！唉！

终于到收卷的时候了，下一门我一定得好好考！我想。

“叮叮叮。”铃声又响了，我只得又开始做那一些无聊的题目。

之后几门我都考得挺好，就是到了最后一门——英语，又把我难住了。

刚才是不是啊？这个又是什么呀！听着一个个极其模糊的英语单词，我真不知道选什么才是正确答案，啊！又一门要完蛋了！真倒霉！

以后我要认真对待我掌握的不好的地方，争取以后科科考满分！

It seems we are living in the conflict between modern and traditional

cultures every day. Hearing the blaring of horns the moment you step out of your

house, seeing the so called "pop" the moment you open your eyes, you cant help

thinking, "Will the traditional culture be gradually lost?"

Many people believe so. They may put right in front of you all the

evidences they can dig out. They may argue that people are rushing to

restaurants instead of cooking at home, listening to pop music but not

traditional, wearing in a way people couldnt imagine ten years ago. Modern

people like the air of freedom, not to be restrained by traditions. They offer

this long list, only trying to confirm that this world is full of

fashion,competition and temptation and the traditional culture is fading and

will be lost at last.

Though we are now living in a world in which undeclared aggression, war,

hypocrisy, chicanery, anarchy are part of our daily life. Though this is a

skeptical age, and our faith has weakened, our confidence in some aspects of the

traditional culture should and would never be lost.

Wouldnt you agree that our traditional culture is always credited with

modesty, politeness and respectfulness, which have always been treasured for

more than five thousand years?Even in this modern world, people still admire

those with good manners, those who are polite to others or respectful to old

people.

Wouldnt you agree that our Chinese traditional music is beautiful and

artistic and our Chinese tea culture is always an appealing treasure to people

around the world?

So there may just be some changes in our lifestyle or our attitudes towards

life, but little change occurs to some fundamental aspects of our traditional

culture that people still treasure in heart.

The traditional culture will never be lost, I believe.

Since its rise, the Internet has been playing a more and more important

role in our daily life. It brings tremendous convenience and efficiency to our

lives. Online shopping is also a new rising thing brought by the Internet. Since

its increasing developing speed, some people think that online shopping will

replace traditional shopping. However, as far as I am concerned, it wont happen

in a short time.

Although online shopping is really very convenient, there are still some

strong points of traditional shopping which cannot be replaced by online

shopping. Firstly, online shopping lacks the intuitional impression of goods.

Sometimes the photos offered by the sellers are beautified with softwares, and

you will be disappointed to find the actual item is far from your expectation.

Secondly, returning goods in online shopping is quite troublesome, and sometimes

you only can achieve your goal at the cost of the payment of the postage by

yourself. Finally, there are too many fake products and cheats in online

shopping, and the quality of goods cannot be guaranteed as those in traditional

shops.

According to the points above, online shopping still needs some

improvements to totally replace the functions of traditional shopping. However,

the potential of online business is so huge that it will certainly take a great

share in the trade market.

With the brilliant fireworks light the sky, the prelude of the festival is

starting.No matter how long and how tough it is, the Chinese people trudged long

way to back home for the reunion of the family in the eve. It has been lasting

for many years, the Spring Festival Gala on the TV show is the repertoire,

entire family is enjoying the delicious and abundant dinner and foods and

watching the show together.For Chinese, every terrible memory and unhappiness

will be stopped at this night, and a splendid next year will also begin at here.

Their wishes become the blare of the crackers and colorful flash of the firework

into the air and spread faraway.For generations, the Spring Festival Eve is

considred as a new start for the future, a wonderful conclusion for passed a

year, and night when everybody is able to open their mind.

With the dramatic increasing economy, people have less time to stay with

the family. But in this eve, it could be a payback,a compensation, or a

opportunity to everybody who wants to share the enjoyment with his or her

family. The relaxing conversation and jokes are around the rooms with the warm

atmosphere in the chill winter night.

There are a lot of traditions of the eve inherited for generations. But,

now more and more new fashions introduced into this eve and even replaced the

old traditions. More and more people are glad to have the dinner in the

restaurants instead of cooking and having at home. However, no matter what it

is, a harmouious and peaceful night is the favorite of everybody here.

I’m going to have a busy weekend! On Saturday, I’m going visit my friends

by car. Because I haven’t seen them for a long time. Then, I’m going to the

bookstore on foot. I’m going to read lots of books there. On Sunday morning, I’m

going to go for a walk. Then, in the afternoon, I’m going to go shopping with my

mother. Then, in the evening, we are going to watch TV together. That will be

fun! What about you? What are you going to do on the weekend?

Every year in October, our school will have the tradition to hold a sports

meeting. It is the biggest event of the year, so all the students will practise

very hard to win the biggest honor. Relay race is the most important match,

because it involves so many students to take part in, showing the unity of a

team. Last year, our class won the second place. We lagged behind the champion

just a little distance, so we hoped to defeated them this time and won the first

prize. We have practised very hard, and every student in the team wanted to make

the breakthrough. When the match finally began, we ran very fast and kept our

space. Even though other team tried to disturbed us, we focused our attention.

The moment when our team first crossed the line, we cheer and cried. We made

it.

温暖就像一盏永不熄的灯，它给予我们的，不仅是光明，还有心灵的抚慰。就在今天傍晚，我再一次感受到了温暖。

放学了。今天要坐公交车，于是我加快了脚步。但没走几步，一抹头发，大吃一惊，呀!下雨啦!记得爸爸说过，如果下雨，他就来接我，于是我飞也似的跑回了学校。回到门卫室，看着豆儿打的雨点噼里啪啦地下着，心里隐隐有些担忧。在门卫室前来回踱步，心想：爸爸会来接我吗?万一没来呢?打个校讯通?好办法!我心里升起了希望，但当我翻遍书包都找不到校讯通是，希望就不知飞到哪去了。我就像热锅上的蚂蚁，急得团团转。苦恼得趴在门卫室窗前，目光停留在一台座机上，有了!我问那个胖乎乎的保安：“保安叔叔，那台座机可以用么?我想打个电话!”保安叔叔耸耸肩“不可以呢，打不了的”我的希望再一次破灭了。无奈。经过两次受挫，我已无心想办法了，只好靠在墙上，久久神伤。“小姑娘，你要打电话吗”是那个保安叔叔，“挪，用我的手机打吧!”我被这突如其来的温暖愣住了，接过手机，连声道谢。打完电话，物归原主，保安叔叔关心问候几句后，干活去了，只留给我一个背影，但他在我心中的形象却愈发高大起来。我的心像草一样颤抖着，温暖的光芒洒满了心田!

温暖这盏永不灭的灯无处不在，被温暖照亮的我们，难道不是幸福的吗?

ChengDu is a wonderful place located in Sichuan province.This city is well

decorated and designed which attrects lots of tourists every year.

Chengdu has large amounts of tourist spots such as Wangjiang Park,Dujiang

Dam and so on.Such spots are all easy to get and they dont cost much.Whatmore

,with the rapidly developing economy,Chengdu has become an international

metropolis.

Why not come to this amazing city to get a rest and have a look of these

beautiful sceneries.Just cherish this hardly-get chance.Dont hestitate.

1.一个爱书的人，他必定不致于缺少一个忠实的朋友，一个良好的老师，一个可爱的伴侣，一个温情的安慰者。——巴金

2.业精于勤，荒于嬉;行成于思，毁于随。——韩愈

3.尽信书不如无书。——孟子

4.经验丰富的人读书用两只眼睛，一只眼睛看到纸面上的话，另一眼睛看到纸的背面。歌德

5.书籍是你的朋友，虽然没有热情，但是它非常忠实。——雨果

6.书籍是青年人不可分离的生活伴侣和导师。——高尔基

7.读书不要贪多，而是要多加思索，这样的读书使我获益不少。——卢梭

8.贫者因书而富，富者因书而贵。——王安石

9.书籍是全世界的营养品。生活里没有书籍，就好像没有阳光;智慧里没有书籍，就好像鸟儿没有翅膀。——莎士比亚

10.书籍是造就灵魂的工具。——雨果

11.书籍是培植智慧的工具。——夸美绍斯

12.一本书像一艘船，带领我们从狭獈的地方，驶向生活的无限广阔的海洋。——凯勒

13.读一本好书，就是和许多高尚的人谈话。——歌德

14.读书是在别人思想的帮助下，建立起自己的思想。——巴金

15.不读书的人，思想就会停止。——狄德罗

16.书是人类进步的阶梯，终生的伴侣，最诚挚的朋友。——高尔基

17.人永远是要学习的。死的时候，才是毕业的时候。——萧楚女

18.书籍是全世界的营养品。 ——莎士比亚

19.读书是易事，思索是难事，但两者缺一，便全无用处。——富兰克林

20.与其用华丽的外衣装饰自己，不如用知识武装自己。——马克思

21.书籍——通过心灵观察世界的窗口。住宅里没有书，犹如房间没有窗户。——威尔逊

22.无限相信书籍的力量，是我的教育信仰的真谛之一。——苏霍姆林斯基

23.知识是珍贵宝石的结晶，文化是宝石放出的光泽。——泰戈尔

24.知识就是力量。——培根

25.敏而好学，不耻下问。——孔子

1. 不用说……

It goes without saying that …

= (It is) needless to say (that) ….

= It is obvious that ….

例：It goes without saying that it pays off to keep early hours.

不用说早睡早起是值得的。

2. 在各种……之中，……

Among various kinds of …, … /= Of all the …, …

例︰Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.

在各种运动中我尤其喜欢慢跑。

3. 就我的看法……;我认为……

In my opinion, …

= To my mind, ….

= As far as I am concerned, …

= I am of the opinion that ….

例：In my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health.

在我看来，玩电脑游戏既花费时间也有害健康。

4. 随着人口的增加…… With the increase/growth of the population, …

随着科技的进步…… With the advance of science and technology, …

例：With the rapid development of Taiwan’s economy, a lot of social problems have come to pass.

随着台湾经济的快速发展许多社会问题产生了。

5. ……是必要的 It is necessary (for sb.) to do/that …

…… 是重要的 It is important/essential (for sb.) to do / that …

…… 是适当的 It is proper (for sb.) to do / that …

……是紧急的 It is urgent (for sb.) to do / that …

例：It is proper for us to keep the public places clean.

=It is proper that we (should) keep the public places clean.

我们应当保持公共场所清洁。

6. 花费 spend … on sth. / doing sth. …

例：We shouldn’t spend too much time on something we aren’t interested in.

我们不应该在我们不感兴趣的事情上花太多的时间。

7. how 引导的感叹句

例：At least it will prove how honest you are.

那至少可以证明你很诚实。

8. 状语从句

⑴ 如果你不…，你就会… If you don’t ..., you’ll ...

例︰If you don’t keep working hard, you’ll lose the chance.

如果你不坚持努力工作，你就会失去这次机会。

⑵ 如此 ……，以至于…… so … that …

例：At that moment, I was so upset that I wanted to give up.

当时，我非常伤心，最后都想放弃了。

⑶ 每当我听到……我就忍不住感到兴奋。Whenever I hear …, I cannot but feel excited.

每当我做……我就忍不住感到悲伤。 Whenever I do …, I cannot but feel sad.

每当我想到……我就忍不住感到紧张。Whenever I think of …, I cannot but feel nervous.

每当我遭遇……我就忍不住感到害怕。Whenever I meet with …, I cannot but feel frightened.

每当我看到……我就忍不住感到惊讶。Whenever I see …, I cannot but feel surprised.

例：Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot but feel sad.

= Every time I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot help feeling sad.

每当我想到我家附近那一.��清澈的小溪我就忍不住感到悲伤。

9. 宾语从句

我认为，…… / 我认为……不...... I think / I don’t think that …

我想知道是否…… I wonder whether …

例：He doesn’t think I should stop him joining the club.

他认为我不应该阻止他参加这个俱乐部。

10. Since + S + 过去式, S + 现在完成式.

例：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.

自从他上高中，他就一直很用功。

1.横式结构

横式结构就是把一组属于不同类别，但有内在联系的事物或景象，按照差不多相同的句子结构排列在一起，来共同表达一个主题。主体部分几方面的内容一般是并列的关系，但却存在一定的顺序，或从主到次，或由浅入深，或时间上的先后等。

2.纵式结构

在记叙文中，纵式结构表现为通过过程的叙述来写人、叙事、写景，如朱德的《回忆我的母亲》，即通过回忆幼年、外出求学和参加革命等不同时期母亲的表现与经历，赞扬了母亲的品德，表达了对母亲的崇敬和怀念。在说明文中，纵式结构常用于说明事物的过程、程序，如叶圣陶的《景泰蓝的制作》，叙述了景泰蓝这一手工艺品的工艺流程，介绍了景泰蓝由制胎到掐丝、点蓝、烧蓝、打磨、镀金等的全部操作工序。在议论文中，纵式结构表现为用显示历史进程和今昔变化的事实为论据对论点进行论证的结构。

3.转折式结构

转折式安排文章的结构模式，就是转折式。这种结构模式，指记叙事件时，顺着一个方向铺陈渲染.把读者的注意力和情感愿望吸引到这个方向相反的方面上去。层层推向高潮。达到顶点时。笔锋陡然一转.通过另一种结局的突然揭晓，掀起波澜。

运用转折式结构须注意以下几点：

(1)要符合生活真实。巧合能使作品引人入胜，但要注意情节的真实性。恩格斯指出：“所谓偶然的东西，是一种必然性隐藏在里面的形式Q”因此，设置巧合要注意符合生活逻‰链合奎粳灶格，使文章的内容晕馒真塞可信。.、.…。，、。，、。..、，…，(2)要有利于表现主题。为了更好地表现文章主旨，构思巧合时应在情节的安排上多下

工夫。比如，有位同学为反映父子之间思想逐步沟通的过程.描写父亲、儿子不约而同地分别爱上了对方爱唱而自己原先不愿听的歌曲。通过这一巧合，生动地揭示了两代人需要互相沟通、理解以消除代沟的主题。

(3)文章前面的蓄势要充分。蓄势的目的是为了下文的陡转，所以一定要达到效果充分的累积，使读者的心情相当急切，再道出事情的原委和真相。

要全面细致地掌握文章结构，还可以认真学习本章第四节中“记叙文的构思模式”“议论文的构思模式”等相关内容。

Today, the world is globalized and more and more foreigners come to China

to seek for business cooperation. Many years ago, a non-profit organization

named the second Saturday of July as the International Day of Cooperatives. Its

purpose is to call for more cooperations between countries.

With the development of Internet, the world gets smaller, because the

communication between countries has increased. America is the superpower all the

time, but during recent times, there are so many business cooperation between

Chinese people and American people. It is known to all that China’s market is

full of vitality, so there is no doubt that cooperation between countries will

be the main trend.

The cooperation happens all the time and it promotes the working

efficiency. People can share the information and technology. They learn from

each other, so as to gain the precious experience and make progress. China is

the future, so more and more foreigners learn mandarin. They want to find a

place here and make their achievement. We also can gain a lot when we work with

them.

Sharing bike can be seen in every corner of the street, which is very

popular by the public. The foreigners speak highly of sharing bike, because they

can ride the bikes to look around the city and the expense is very cheap. As

people enjoy the convenience of these bikes, the problem comes. We can see that

many bikes have been broken and some are even put in the main road, which brings

trouble to the public. Of course when the media reported the phenomenon,

everybody condemned the negative behavior. Sharing bikes are public property,

all the people have the responsibility to protect them, so after using them, we

should just find a right place to lock them. The small act can present a

person’s nature, so dont let yourself be the rude one.